Table 2.
Descriptive Data 1,2.
| Variable | Time Point | Mean | SD | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Mass (kg) | Pre | 73.8 | 12.4 | 55.5 | 109.9 |
| Post | 79.6 | 13.2 | 57.3 | 118.3 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 4.8 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 9.5 | |
| Fat Mass Index (kg/m2) | Pre | 3.2 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 5.8 |
| Post | 3.4 | 1.6 | 0.4 | 5.9 | |
| Fat-Free Mass Index (kg/m2) | Pre | 19.7 | 2.0 | 16.6 | 25.5 |
| Post | 20.5 | 2.1 | 17.8 | 27.1 | |
| Muscle Thickness—Elbow Flexors (cm) | Pre | 3.9 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 5.0 |
| Post | 4.0 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 5.2 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 4.5 | 5.9 | −8.6 | 16.7 | |
| Muscle Thickness—Knee Extensors (cm) | Pre | 5.2 | 0.8 | 3.8 | 6.9 |
| Post | 5.4 | 0.8 | 4.4 | 7.5 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 7.4 | 8.4 | −5.4 | 26.4 | |
| Bench Press 1RM (kg/kg BM) | Pre | 1.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.8 |
| Post | 1.4 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.9 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 12.5 | 8.0 | 4.3 | 35.5 | |
| Leg Press 1RM (kg/kg BM) | Pre | 3.3 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 5.0 |
| Post | 4.2 | 0.8 | 3.0 | 6.3 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 37.2 | 15.7 | 16.5 | 66.7 | |
| Bench Press Endurance (reps) | Pre | 14.0 | 2.0 | 9.0 | 19.0 |
| Post | 19.0 | 5.1 | 13.0 | 31.0 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 35.8 | 37.5 | −13.3 | 106.7 | |
| Leg Press Endurance (reps) | Pre | 15.4 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 24.0 |
| Post | 34.9 | 6.8 | 23.0 | 53.0 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 161.3 | 146.5 | 55.0 | 650.0 | |
| Resting Metabolic Rate (kcal/kg) | Pre | 27.7 | 1.5 | 25.1 | 31.6 |
| Post | 29.0 | 1.4 | 26.2 | 32.1 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 10.9 | 6.4 | −2.0 | 21.5 | |
| Respiratory Exchange Ratio (au) | Pre | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.1 |
| Post | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | −0.6 | 9.2 | −18.5 | 18.8 | |
| Energy Intake (kcal/kg) | Baseline | 46.8 | 16.8 | 33.3 | 124.0 |
| Intervention | 52.3 | 17.2 | 24.8 | 119.9 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 15.9 | 30.4 | −27.0 | 93.5 | |
| Protein Intake (g/kg) | Baseline | 2.3 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 5.8 |
| Intervention | 2.2 | 0.6 | 1.6 | 4.8 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 11.6 | 30.2 | −37.8 | 73.3 | |
| Fat Intake (g/kg) | Baseline | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 6.2 |
| Intervention | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 4.6 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 16.5 | 36.3 | −50.7 | 91.5 | |
| Carbohydrate Intake (g/kg) | Baseline | 5.6 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 11.5 |
| Intervention | 6.0 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 13.7 | |
| Individual Δ (%) | 11.3 | 34.3 | −30.6 | 157.2 | |
| Total Volume Load (kg/10,000) | Intervention | 37.1 | 7.4 | 27.4 | 48.8 |
| Total Upper Body Volume Load (kg/10,000) | Intervention | 16.5 | 3.9 | 11.4 | 25.0 |
| Total Lower Body Volume Load (kg/10,000) | Intervention | 18.4 | 3.5 | 14.4 | 25.1 |
| Time in Sedentary Activity (min/day) | Baseline | 635.4 | 66.7 | 481.5 | 740.4 |
| Intervention | 603.5 | 72.9 | 406.6 | 719.1 | |
| Time in Light-intensity Activity (min/day) | Baseline | 222.4 | 47.1 | 107.5 | 300.2 |
| Intervention | 170.8 | 74.2 | 78.0 | 400.6 | |
| Time in Moderate- or Vigorous-Intensity Activity (min/day) | Baseline | 113.0 | 43.0 | 0.0 | 198.9 |
| Intervention | 89.1 | 32.3 | 32.8 | 152.3 | |
| Composition score ([∆Fat-free mass/∆Body Mass]*100) | -- | 90.3 | 36.7 | 8.0 | 145.7 |
| Fat Mass | Individual Δ (%) | 12.1 | 28.1 | −40.4 | 99.4 |
| Fat-Free Mass | Individual Δ (%) | 4.8 | 2.6 | 0.5 | 8.8 |
Data from imputed dataset (n = 28) are displayed. 1 Individual Δ (%) values were calculated for each participant, with these values subsequently averaged to yield the mean individual Δ values displayed for select predictor variables in the table. Based on this calculation, the individual-level Δ value does not reflect the group-level Δ value calculated from the displayed pre- and post- group means. 2 Pre and post refer to the times of laboratory assessments occurring at the beginning and end of the intervention, baseline refers to data collected before the start of the resistance plus overfeeding intervention, and intervention refers to data collected during the intervention.