Table 2.
Causes of death in HL patients (n = 4919)
| Cause of death | ICD-10 | Observed (%) | SMR (95% CI) | AEM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HLa | C81 | 706 (32.4) | — | 73.3 |
| Causes of death other than HL | A00-Y98 (C81 excluded) | 1474 (67.6) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.3) | 122.9 |
| Infections (including pneumonia and influenza)b | A00-B99, J10-J18 | 69 (3.2) | 8.3 (6.5 to 10.5) | 6.3 |
| Malignant neoplasms other than HL | C00-C97 (C81 excluded) | 712 (32.7) | 5.9 (5.5 to 6.4) | 61.5 |
| Digestive organs | C15, C26, C48 | 165 (7.6) | 5.1 (4.4 to 6.0) | 13.8 |
| Esophagus | C15 | 37 (1.7) | 7.8 (5.5 to 10.7) | 3.4 |
| Stomach | C16 | 31 (1.4) | 6.8 (4.6 to 9.6) | 2.7 |
| Colon | C18 | 25 (1.1) | 2.8 (1.8 to 4.1) | 1.7 |
| Rectum, sigmoid, anus | C19-C21 | 20 (0.9) | 6.7 (4.1 to 10.4) | 1.8 |
| Pancreas | C25 | 31 (1.4) | 5.0 (3.4 to 7.1) | 2.6 |
| Respiratory organs | C30-C38, C45 | 230 (10.6) | 6.7 (5.9 to 7.6) | 20.3 |
| Lung, bronchus, trachea | C33-C34 | 204 (9.4) | 6.4 (5.6 to 7.4) | 17.9 |
| Mesothelioma | C45 | 21 (1.0) | 15.5 (9.6 to 23.8) | 2.0 |
| Female breast | C50 | 55 (2.5) | 4.4 (3.3 to 5.7) | 4.4 |
| Urogenital tract | C51-C68 | 39 (1.8) | 2.0 (1.4 to 2.7) | 2.0 |
| Other, ill-defined, and unspecified sites | C76, C80 | 36 (1.7) | 6.9 (4.9 to 9.6) | 3.2 |
| Non-HL | C82-C85 | 88 (4.0) | 25.7 (20.6 to 31.7) | 8.8 |
| Leukemiac | C91-C96 | 53 (2.4) | 15.6 (11.7 to 20.4) | 5.2 |
| Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs | D50-D89 | 8 (0.4) | 12.1 (5.2 to 23.9) | 0.8 |
| Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases | E00-E90 | 12 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.9 to 2.9) | 0.5 |
| Mental and behavioral disorders | F00-F99 | 5 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.4 to 2.6) | 0.1 |
| Diseases of nervous system and sense organs | G00-H95 | 10 (0.5) | 1.3 (0.6 to 2.4) | 0.2 |
| Diseases of circulatory system | I00-I99 | 393 (18.0) | 5.5 (5.0 to 6.1) | 33.4 |
| Myocardial infarction | I21-I22 | 92 (4.2) | 3.7 (3.0 to 4.5) | 7.0 |
| Other ischemic heart diseases | I20, I23-I25 | 31 (1.4) | 4.7 (3.2 to 6.7) | 2.5 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | I60-I69 | 30 (1.4) | 2.9 (1.5 to 3.3) | 1.8 |
| Other diseases of heart and circulatory systemd | I00-I05, I26-I28, I30-I52, I70-I99 | 235 (10.8) | 8.9 (7.8 to 10.1) | 21.7 |
| Respiratory diseases (excluding pneumonia and influenza) | J00-J99 (J10-J18 excluded) | 38 (1.7) | 3.6 (2.6 to 5.0) | 2.9 |
| Diseases of digestive system | K00-K93 | 32 (1.5) | 2.9 (2.0 to 4.1) | 2.2 |
| Diseases of genitourinary system | N00-N99 | 4 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.4 to 4.2) | 0.2 |
| Symptoms, signs, ill-defined, and unknown causes of mortalitye | R00-R99 | 106 (4.9) | 7.2 (5.9 to 8.7) | 9.5 |
| External causes of mortality | V01-Y98 | 46 (2.1) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.2) | 1.9 |
SMR for HL is not provided. Because all patients in our cohort were diagnosed with HL, the SMR would reflect an overestimation of observed HL deaths compared with those expected in the general population. AEM = absolute excess mortality per 10 000 person-years; CI = confidence interval; HL = Hodgkin lymphoma; ICD-10 = International Classification of Diseases version 10; SMR = standardized mortality ratio.
Including 31 deaths from septicemia and 26 deaths from pneumonia.
An additional 26 patients died from myelodysplastic syndrome, but mortality rates in the general population are not specified for the entire observation period.
Including 75 deaths from heart failure, 15 deaths from cardiomyopathy, 48 deaths from valvular heart disease, 11 deaths from diseases of the pericardium, and 12 deaths from cardiac dysrhythmias. Historical mortality rates of these cardiovascular disease subtypes are not available.
Including 96 deaths from unknown and unspecified causes.