FIGURE 2.

MCs promoted ECs proliferation through VEGFA/VEGFR2. A, mRNA expression levels of VEGFA in MCs were detected by RT‐qPCR. B, VEGFA expressions in MCs were detected by Western blot. C, VEGFA expressions in MCs were detected by VEGFA/desmin immunofluorescence co‐staining. VEGFA, red. desmin, green. DAPI, blue. D, EdU was used to detect ECs proliferation. E, p‐VEGFR2 and VEGFR2 expressions on ECs were detected by Western blot. Results are presented as the mean values (±SD), *P < .05, **P < .01. Scale bars, 50 μm. Desmin, protein marker of MCs; ECs, endothelial cells; MCs, mesangial cells; PDGF‐BB, platelet‐derived growth factor BB, to activate MCs; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGFR2, vascular endothelial factor receptor2. (A, B, C) Control, inactive MCs. PDGF‐BB, MCs stimulated by PDGF‐BB for 24 h. (D, E) Control, ECs co‐cultured with inactive MCs. PDGF‐BB, ECs co‐cultured with PDGF‐BB‐activated MCs. PDGF‐BB+anti‐VEGFA, ECs co‐cultured with PDGF‐BB‐activated MCs and VEGFA neutralizing antibody, was added