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Figure 10.

Figure 10.

NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce ROS. The NOX family of proteins localizes to the plasma, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondrial membranes. NOX catalytic subunits transfer electrons from NADPH across the membranes to molecular oxygen to generate O2 superoxide or H2O2 hydrogen peroxide. (Adapted, with permission, from Drummond et al. 2011, © Macmillan.)