Natural estrogens affect human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells differently. (A) Total number of estrogen-treated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) after 4 days in culture. Different concentrations (10 nM, 100 nM, 1 M, 10 M, 100 M and 500 M) of the natural estrogens (E1, E2, E3 and E4) were used. (B) Total number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC: hCD34+hCD38-hCD90+hCD45RA-) after 4 days in culture. Different concentrations (10 nM, 100 nM, 1 M, 10 M, 100 M and 500 M) of the natural estrogens (E1, E2, E3 and E4) were used. (C) Cell cycle analysis of HSPC treated with 100 nM E2 or E4. G0/G1-phase (left panel), S-phase (middle panel) and G2/M-phase (right panel). (D) Total cell number of estrogen-treated HSPC after 8 days in culture. Data were obtained from three to five biological replicates and are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical significance was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with the Fisher least significant difference test: *P<0.05 and **P<0.01.