TABLE 3.
Participant characteristics and outcomes of antiobesity pharmacotherapy in a phenotype‐guided intervention vs. non‐phenotype‐guided intervention (standard of care)
| Characteristic | Variable | Phenotype‐guided therapy | Non‐phenotype‐guided therapy | Difference (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient demographics | N | 84 | 228 | ||
| Age, y | 43 ± 1.4 | 50 ± 0.9 | 7.2 (−4 to −10.4) | < 0.001 | |
| Gender (F), % | 74 | 73 | 0.26 | ||
| Race (White), % | 94 | 98 | 0.10 | ||
| Weight (kg) | 121 ± 2.6 | 118 ± 1.8 | 3.3 (−2.8 to 9.4) | 0.28 | |
| Height (cm) | 169 ± 0.9 | 168 ± 0.6 | 0.9 (−1.3 to 3) | 0.42 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 42 ± 0.7 | 41 ± 0.5 | 0.69 (−1.1 to 2.5) | 0.44 | |
| Blood pressure (SBP), mmHg | 124 ± 2.1 | 130 ± 1.1 | 6.2 (−11 to −1.5) | 0.01 | |
| Blood pressure (DBP), mmHg | 79.4 ± 1.4 | 79 ± 0.8 | 0.6 (−2.7 to 3.9) | 0.71 | |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 106 ± 6 | 127 ± 7 | 21 (−37 to −3.2) | 0.02 | |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 6.3 ± 0.3 | 7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 (−1.5 to 0.1) | 0.10 | |
| Comorbidities, n | 2 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 0.37 (−0.8 to 0.02) | 0.06 | |
| Medication use | Naltrexone‐bupropion SR | 24 (29%) | 17 (8%) | < 0.001 | |
| Liraglutide | 13 (16%) | 48 (21%) | |||
| Lorcaserin | 10 (12%) | 8 (4%) | |||
| Phentermine | 11 (13%) | 39 (17%) | |||
| Phentermine‐topiramate ER | 26 (30%) | 116 (50%) | |||
| Intervention | Follow‐up, mo | 8.2 ± 0.5 | 8.1 ± 0.3 | 0.17 (−1 to 1.4) | 0.78 |
| No. follow‐up visits | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.4) | 0.38 | |
| Pts with >1 follow‐up visit with physician in 0‐6 months | 78 (93%) | 206 (93%) | 0.97 | ||
| Pts with ≥1 follow‐up visit with physician in 6‐12 months | 50 (59.4%) | 122 (54%) | 0.29 | ||
| Pts with >1 dietitian visit | 24 (29%) | 82 (37%) | 0.37 | ||
| No. dietitian visits | 0.78 ± 0.2 | 0.66 ± 0.1 | 0.12 (−0.2 to 0.5) | 0.45 | |
| Pts with >1 psychiatric visit | 19 (23%) | 74 (33%) | 0.32 | ||
| No. behavioral psychiatric visits | 0.56 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | −0.6 (−1.2 to 0.02) | 0.06 | |
| Intervention outcomes | Weight loss at 3 months, % | −5.4 ± 0.5 | −5.1 ± 0.3 | −0.3 (−1.4 to 0.8) | 0.61 |
| Weight loss at 6 months, % | −10.5 ± 0.8 | −6.3 ± 0.4 | −4.1 (−5.9 to −2.5) | < 0.001 | |
| Weight loss at 12 months, % | −15.9 ± 1.1 | −9 ± 0.6 | −6.9 (−9.4 to −4.5) | < 0.001 | |
| Weight loss at LOCF, % | −12.1 ± 0.9 | −7.8 ± 0.5 | −4.3 (−6.2 to −2.3) | < 0.001 | |
| Adverse events | Documented adverse events | 11 (14%) | 46 (20%) | 0.23 |
Data shown as mean ± SEM. Bolding denotes statistical significance (P < 0.05).
LOCF, last observation carried forward; ER, extended release; SR, sustained release.