Table 3: Kinematic characteristics mean (standard deviation).
Parameter | Controls | CMSI | P - Value | Effect Size | 95% Confidence Interval | |
Lower | Upper | |||||
Joint Angles at Initial contact | ||||||
Pelvis anterior tilt* (⁰) | 6.2 (3.5) | 9.9 (3.7) | ≤0.01 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 6.44 |
Hip Flexion* (⁰) | 21.8 (3.5) | 26.3 (3.9) | ≤0.01 | 1.20 | 1.66 | 7.23 |
Knee flexion (⁰) | 6.3 (5.4) | 5.4 (5.2) | 0.64 | 0.17 | -4.88 | 3.06 |
Ankle dorsiflexion (⁰) | 9.6 (4.5) | 11.3 (6.6) | 0.42 | 0.29 | -2.53 | 5.89 |
Foot Inclination (⁰) | 20.4 (6.0) | 23.8 (6.8) | 0.16 | 0.53 | -1.42 | 8.20 |
Joint Angles at mid stance | ||||||
Contralateral Pelvic Drop* (⁰) | 3.5 (2.6) | 5.7 (1.9) | ≤0.01 | 0.94 | 0.45 | 3.83 |
Pelvis anterior tilt* (⁰) | 6.0 (3.8) | 9.1 (3.8) | 0.03 | 0.80 | 0.21 | 5.88 |
Hip Adduction (⁰) | 9.2 (3.2) | 11.3 (3.1) | 0.07 | 0.68 | -0.19 | 4.05 |
Knee flexion (⁰) | 33.0 (2.8) | 33.4 (5.1) | 0.81 | 0.09 | -2.72 | 3.46 |
Ankle Dorsiflexion (⁰) | 23.4 (2.2) | 24.3 (3.4) | 0.37 | 0.33 | -1.21 | 3.08 |
Rearfoot eversion (⁰) | 4.0 (2.6) | 3.1 (5.1) | 0.53 | 0.23 | -2.08 | 3.96 |
All values are presented as degrees of movement (⁰). * indicates statistically significant difference.