Table 2.
Survey items and descriptive statistics
| Item, location (n) | M (SD) | t(df) | p | Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I felt prepared for the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (79) | 2.85 (1.61) | 1.98 | .047 | .9 |
| USA (1307) | 4.28 (1.58) | (1384) | ||
| I read the newspaper (either hardcopy or online) as a source of information on the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (70) | 3.44 (2.05) | −1.22 | .23 | |
| USA (1219) | 3.74 (2.00) | (1287) | ||
| I used social media as a source of information on the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (74) | 4.49 (1.49) | −.26 | .8 | |
| USA (1244) | 4.54 (1.6) | (1316) | ||
| I used the news on TV/internet as a source of information on the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (77) | 4.53 (1.71) | .29 | .77 | |
| USA (1238) | 4.47 (1.72) | (1313) | ||
| I used family/friends as a source of information on the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (69) | 3.81 (1.56) | −2.01 | .045 | .24 |
| USA (1248) | 4.18 (1.47) | (1315) | ||
| I used the radio as a source of information on the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (67) | 3.85 (1.84) | 3.72 | 0 | .47 |
| USA (1143) | 2.99 (1.84) | (1208) | ||
| My life was significantly disrupted by the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (77) | 4.68 (1.48) | −2.29 | .02 | .28 |
| USA (1241) | 5.07 (1.32) | (86.6) | ||
| I was personally affected by the virus itself (e.g. personally contracted the virus, knowing people who have died, knowing many people in my community having it, etc.) | ||||
| Canada (74) | 1.78 (1.42) | −9.71 | 0 | 1 |
| Rural /Town (1263) | 3.47 (1.92) | (90) | ||
| I experienced challenges related to medical care during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (69) | 2.83 (1.89) | −2.89 | .004 | .35 |
| USA (1173) | 3.49 (1.86) | (1240) | ||
| I experienced challenges related to childcare during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (32) | 2.47 (2.12) | −1.12 | .27 | |
| USA (648) | 2.91 (2.19) | (678) | ||
| I experienced challenges related to transportation during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (61) | 2.03 (1.69) | −1.02 | .31 | |
| USA (956) | 2.27 (1.8) | (1015) | ||
| I experienced challenges related to work during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (63) | 4.62 (1.71) | −.18 | .86 | |
| USA (1158) | 4.66 (1.71) | (1219) | ||
| I experienced financial challenges during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (70) | 2.86 (1.91) | −2.37 | .02 | .29 |
| USA (1187) | 3.41 (1.91) | (1255) | ||
| I adapted to/coped with the COVID-19 outbreak very well | ||||
| Canada (75) | 4.71 (1.31) | 2.36 | .02 | .29 |
| USA (1236) | 4.32 (1.37) | (1304) | ||
| I am able to evaluate information about COVID-19 based on the quality and source of the information | ||||
| Canada (79) | 4.97 (1.33) | .21 | .83 | |
| USA (1297) | 4.95 (1.13) | (1374) | ||
| I felt overwhelmed by the amount of information available about the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (79) | 4.15 (1.52) | −.14 | .9 | |
| USA (1308) | 4.18 (1.61) | (1385) | ||
| My family/friends provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (76) | 5.16 (1.32) | −1.5 | .14 | |
| USA (1299) | 5.41 (1.02) | (79) | ||
| My child(ren)'s school provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak: - | ||||
| Canada (31) | 3.16 (1.66) | −1.18 | .24 | |
| USA (621) | 3.55 (1.8) | (650) | ||
| My religion/faith provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (50) | 3.58 (2.11) | −1.37 | .18 | |
| USA (934) | 4.00 (1.82) | (53) | ||
| My religious community provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (45) | 3.13 (2.03) | −1.37 | .17 | |
| USA (819) | 3.53 (1.87) | (862) | ||
| Social media provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (77) | 3.69 (1.34) | −.53 | .6 | |
| USA (1251) | 3.78 (1.53) | (1326) | ||
| Alcohol and substances provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (65) | 2.58 (1.67) | .2 | .84 | |
| USA (1033) | 2.54 (1.72) | (1096) | ||
| Exercise provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (76) | 4.54 (1.53) | .78 | .43 | |
| USA (1222) | 4.39 (1.6) | (1296) | ||
| Mind/body practices (yoga, tai chi, meditation) provided support to me during the COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (61) | 3.93 (1.63) | .8 | .43 | |
| USA (1035) | 3.76 (1.77) | (69) | ||
| I am satisfied with our national leadership’s response during this COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (72) | 5.06 (1.31) | 19.8 | 0 | 2.19 |
| USA (1231) | 1.93 (1.54) | (83) | ||
| I am satisfied with my state governor’s response during this COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (56) | 4.98 (1.3) | 3.6 | .001 | .43 |
| USA (1307) | 4.34 (1.64) | (63) | ||
| I believe the measures taken by leadership (e.g., school closures, business closures, re-opening) were appropriate to the level of risk in my community | ||||
| Canada (78) | 5.22 (1.21) | 3.41 | .001 | .37 |
| USA (1311) | 4.73 (1.46) | (91) | ||
| I strictly followed my state’s preventative measures (e.g., social distancing, wearing a mask) during this COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
| Canada (75) | 5.55 (1) | .48 | .63 | |
| USA (1310) | 5.49 (1.06) | (1383) | ||
| I based my personal preventative measures on government officials’ recommendations | ||||
| Canada (79) | 5.09 (1.33) | 2.54 | .01 | .29 |
| USA (1299) | 4.71 (1.29) | (1376) | ||
| I based my personal preventative measures on family’s and friends’ recommendations | ||||
| Canada (79) | 3.34 (1.57) | −1.75 | .08 | .2 |
| USA (1296) | 3.66 (1.58) | (1373) |