Papenberg 2017.

Study characteristics
Methods	Design: retrospective cohort Setting: community Country: Sweden Duration of follow‐up: 6 years Covariates controlled for: age, sex, education, CRFs, cardiovascular disease, physical inactivity, total number of drugs, and depression
Participants	Participants numbers: 1473 Population type: older adults Sex: 61% women (902) Age (mean): 70 years
Prognostic factors	Anticholinergic burden measurement method: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system
Outcomes	Outcomes assessed: cognitive decline Outcome ascertainment cognitive decline: cognitive test battery Diagnostic criteria cognitive decline: scores on cognitive testing
Source of funding	Ministry of Health and Social Affairs
Notes
Item	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Study participation	Yes	Age, sex, and comorbidities all reported adequately. Random selection of community.
Study attrition	No	High degree of attrition (only 1724/3363 underwent cognitive testing at baseline and follow‐up).
Prognostic factor measurement	Unclear	Patients asked to bring in medications they were taking(including non‐prescription medications); medical records checked if participant could not provide information. No mention of recording dosage, frequency, or adherence.
Outcome measurement	Unclear	No blinding but cognition recorded after cognitive assessment.
Study confounding	Yes	All relevant comorbidities controlled for.
Reverse causation	No	No restriction to time frame of anticholinergic drug use mentioned.
Statistical analysis and reporting	Unclear	No protocol or assumptions checked.