Table 3.
Outcomes at 30 Days Following COVID-19 Among Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (SARDs) and Non-SARD Comparators
| Unmatched | Exposure Score-Matched* | Extended Exposure Score-Matched† | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SARD Events, n (%) | Non-SARD Comparator Events, n (%) | Relative Risk (95% CI) | SARD Events, n (%) | Non-SARD Comparator Events, n (%) | Relative Risk (95% CI) | SARD Events, n (%) | Non-SARD Comparator Events, n (%) | Relative Risk (95% CI) | |
| Hospitalization | 620 (26) | 21,501 (15) | 1.73 (1.62, 1.85) | 620 (26) | 546 (23) | 1.14 (1.03, 1.26) | 616 (26) | 579 (24) | 1.06 (0.96, 1.17) |
| ICU Admission | 142 (6) | 4,615 (3) | 1.85 (1.57, 2.17) | 142 (6) | 108 (5) | 1.32 (1.03, 1.68) | 141 (6) | 134 (6) | 1.05 (0.84, 1.32) |
| Mechanical Ventilation | 78 (3) | 2,938 (2) | 1.59 (1.28, 1.99) | 78 (3) | 74 (3) | 1.05 (0.77, 1.44) | 77 (3) | 85 (4) | 0.91 (0.67, 1.23) |
| ARF requiring RRT | 38 (2) | 737 (1) | 3.09 (2.24, 4.28) | 38 (2) | 21 (1) | 1.81 (1.07, 3.07) | 38 (2) | 41 (2) | 0.93 (0.60, 1.44) |
| Ischemic Stroke | 42 (2) | 833 (1) | 3.03 (2.23, 4.11) | 42 (2) | 28 (1) | 1.50 (0.93, 2.41) | 42 (2) | 39 (2) | 1.08 (0.70, 1.66) |
| VTE | 85 (4) | 1,721 (1) | 2.96 (2.39, 3.67) | 85 (4) | 49 (2) | 1.74 (1.23, 2.45) | 85 (4) | 53 (2) | 1.60 (1.14, 2.25) |
| Death | 94 (4) | 2,962 (2) | 1.90 (1.56, 2.33) | 94 (4) | 87 (4) | 1.08 (0.81, 1.44) | 93 (4) | 79 (3) | 1.18 (0.88, 1.58) |
| Composite outcome‡ | 213 (9) | 7,069 (5) | 1.81 (1.59, 2.06) | 213 (9) | 179 (8) | 1.19 (0.98, 1.44) | 212 (9) | 191 (8) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) |
SARD, systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease; ICU, intensive care unit; ARF, acute renal failure; RRT, renal replacement therapy; VTE, venous thromboembolism (including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism). Significant findings in bold.
*
One-to-one exposure score-matching was performed using a method analogous to propensity score-matching. The exposure score included age, sex, race/ethnicity, and BMI.
†
Extended exposure score included age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, comorbidities, and prior hospitalization.
‡
Composite outcome included intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, or death.