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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Physiol. 2021 May 14;106(6):1343–1358. doi: 10.1113/EP089449

Figure 2. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS)-induced thoracic aortic perivascular adipose tissue-mediated aortic stiffness in LZR but not OZR.

Figure 2.

Stiffness was measured in aortic rings passively stretched on an automatic force transducer to calculate the Elastic modulus (kPA). Aortic rings collected from LZR (A, n=8) and OZR (B, n=7–8) were made passive by incubation in a calcium free solution and passively stretched. To more directly assess tPVAT-mediated aortic stiffness health donor aortic rings were collected and co-cultured with tPVAT for 72 hours and then mounted on the automated force transducer to access stiffness (C&D, n=3–4). The vascular remodeling factors MMP-9 (E&F, n=4–7) assessed by ELISA based activity assay and TIMP-1 (G&H, n=5) assessed as part of a multiplex assay in tPVAT. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01