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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 2;62(8):971–978. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13352

Table 1.

ADHD by sociodemographic characteristics and number of ACEs at Wave 1

ADHD at Wave 1
Yes (N = 213)
Wave 1 characteristics Total N Weighted % n Weighted row % OR CI p
Site
 Bronx 932 43.81 89 9.37 Ref
 Puerto Rico 1,201 56.19 124 9.38 1.00 (0.70–1.42) .9973
Sex
 Male 1,102 51.27 151 13.10 Ref
 Female 1,031 48.73 62 5.45 0.38 (0.27–0.54) <.0001
Age
 5–9 1,040 52.75 98 8.86 Ref
 10–15 1,093 47.25 115 9.95 1.14 (0.82–1.58) .4448
Disruptive behavior disorders
 No 2,009 94.26 124 5.73 Ref
 Yes 124 5.74 89 69.20 36.92 (23.06–59.11) <.0001
Public Assistance
 No 1,260 59.17 115 8.44 Ref
 Yes 863 40.83 97 10.70 1.30 (0.91–1.85) .1429
Maternal education
 Less than HS/GED 632 29.68 58 8.05 Ref
 HS/GED or more 1,489 70.32 154 9.94 1.26 (0.89–1.79) .1891
Number of ACEs at baseline
 0 416 20.30 18 4.23 Ref
 1 612 29.36 44 6.85 1.66 (0.93–2.98) .0876
 2 470 21.31 54 11.14 2.84 (1.54–5.22) .0009
 3 285 12.89 38 12.35 3.19 (1.72–5.91) .0003
 4 189 8.95 24 11.57 2.96 (1.47–5.96) .0025
 5 or more 148 7.18 32 19.43 5.46 (2.85–10.47) <.0001

ACEs, adverse childhood experiences; ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; GED, graduate equivalency degree; HS, high school.