Table 2.
Characteristics of participants according to 25(OH)D3 level (n = 60).
| Variable | Sufficient | Insufficient | Deficient | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| > 50 nmol/L | 30–50 nmol/L | < 30 nmol/L | ||
| No. (%) | 29 (48) | 16 (27) | 15 (25) | 0.110 |
| Sex (M/F), n | 20/9 | 7/9 | 6/9 | 0.107 |
| Age, years | 7 ± 3 | 9 ± 4 | 9 ± 3 | 0.037 |
| Weight, kg | 23 ± 12 | 25 ± 10 | 32 ± 12* | 0.043 |
| Height, cm | 114 ± 22 | 125 ± 19 | 127 ± 14 | 0.074 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 16.7 ± 4 | 15.5 ± 2 | 19.8 ± 6*† | 0.011 |
| BMI z-score | − 0.41 ± 2.0 | − 1.05 ± 1.2 | 0.42 ± 1.79 | 0.075 |
| BMI class, n | ||||
| Underweight | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0.006 |
| Normal | 18 | 11 | 6 | |
| Overweight | 5 | 0 | 8‡ | |
| 25(OH)D3, nmol/L | 92 ± 33 | 39 ± 5.9* | 21 ± 4.4*† | < 0.001 |
Results are shown as means ± standard deviation for continuous variables.
BMI, body mass index; M, male; F, female.
*Denotes significance with respect to sufficient level using ANOVA, followed by post hoc Student’s t-test (significant at P < 0.05).
†Denotes significance with respect to insufficient level using ANOVA, followed by post hoc Student’s t-test (significant at P < 0.02). The difference between sex within the groups was tested using the chi-square test and corrected for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni’s correction (P = 0.016).
‡Significant difference with respect to insufficient level using the chi-square test and corrected for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni’s correction (P = 0.0167; P < 0.005).