Table 1.
Basic demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants.
| Low PA (n = 106) | Moderate to high PAa (n = 394) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||
| Mean (SD) | 75.0 (6.79) | 73.6 (6.62) |
| Median (IQR) | 74.0 (11) | 72.0 (10) |
| Gender, n (%) | ||
| Women | 73 (68.9%) | 192 (48.7%) |
| Men | 33 (31.1%) | 202 (51.3%) |
| Body mass index (BMI) | ||
| Mean (SD) | 23.5 (3.31) | 23.9 (3.22) |
| Median (IQR) | 23.2 (4.2) | 23.6 (3.775) |
| Institutionalization | ||
| No | 91 (85.8%) | 379 (96.2%) |
| Yes | 15 (14.2%) | 15 (3.8%) |
| Alcohol drinking | ||
| No | 97 (91.5%) | 321 (81.5%) |
| Yes | 9 (8.5%) | 73 (18.5%) |
| Smoking | ||
| No | 100 (94.3%) | 374 (94.9%) |
| Yes | 6 (5.7%) | 20 (5.1%) |
| Education level | ||
| 1 ≤ elementary school | 39 (36.8%) | 88 (22.3%) |
| 2 Junior/senior high school | 23 (21.7%) | 138 (35.0%) |
| 3 ≥ University | 44 (41.5%) | 268 (68.0%) |
| Past history | ||
| Hypertension | 43 (40.1%) | 138 (35%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (13.2%) | 56 (14.2%) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 24 (22.6%) | 78 (19.8%) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 10 (9.4%) | 36 (9.1%) |
| Heart disease | 18 (17.0%) | 35 (8.9%) |
| Albumin, g/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 4.39 (0.231) | 4.40 (0.243) |
| Median (IQR) | 4.40 (0.3) | 4.40 (0.2) |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 5.37 (1.30) | 5.55 (1.40) |
| Median (IQR) | 5.30 (1.975) | 5.50 (2.1) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 179 (33.0) | 181 (31.5) |
| Median (IQR) | 176 (43) | 179 (43) |
| Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 103 (21.7) | 103 (20.8) |
| Median (IQR) | 98.0 (12.75) | 99.0 (15) |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 102 (28.9) | 103 (27.8) |
| Median (IQR) | 98.5 (36.5) | 102 (36) |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 55.3 (12.7) | 55.9 (14.3) |
| Median (IQR) | 54.5 (15) | 53.0 (18.75) |
| Triglyceride (TG), mg/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 108.4 (49.6) | 109.3 (50.6) |
| Median (IQR) | 101 (54) | 101 (60) |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | ||
| Mean (SD) | 13.2 (1.21) | 13.5 (1.35) |
| Median (IQR) | 13.2 (1.38) | 13.6 (1.6) |
PA physical activity, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
aPhysical activity level according to IPAQ category.