Table 1.
General and clinical characteristics of the participants by gender.
| Variables | Male (n = 431) | Female (n = 498) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39.0 (11.3) | 39.9 (12.9) | 0.25 |
| AMY1 CNV (median) | 7 | 7 | 0.47 |
| AMY1 CNV (mean) | 7.9 (2.9) | 7.7 (3) | 0.56 |
| pSAA activity (U/L) (mean) | 33.2 (12.8) | 30.08 (12.4) | < 0.001*** |
| pSAA activity (U/L) (median) | 32 | 29 | < 0.001*** |
| Obesity % | 38 | 46.4 | 0.01** |
| Overweight % | 38 | 31 | 0.02* |
| Diabetes % (HbA1c) | 11.6 | 12.8 | 0.56 |
| Diabetes % (FPG) | 9.5 | 11 | 0.44 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.1 (5.5) | 29.6 (6.3) | 0.21 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.7 (1.7) | 5.6 (1.8) | 0.50 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 38 (11) | 39 (11) | 0.19 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.6(1.0) | 5.7 (1.0) | 0.18 |
| Insulin (mU/mL) | 10.9 (6.5) | 10.7 (7.1) | 0.58 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.8 (1.9) | 2.8 (2.3) | 0.80 |
| HOMA-b | 117.2 (68.1) | 119.6 (70.7) | 0.61 |
CNV copy number variations, pSAA activity plasma salivary alpha amylase activity, BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-b homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function.