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Working models of conventional CRISPR/Cas9 (a) and recent prime editing (b). TracrRNA, transactivation RNA; crRNA, CRISPR-RNA; sgRNA, small-guide RNA; PAM, protospacer adjacent motif; NHEJ, non-homologous end joining; HDR, homology-directed repair; pegRNA, prime editing guide RNA; RT, reverse transcription; PBS, primer-binding site; nCas9 (H840A), catalytically impaired Cas9 (H840A) nickase (nCas9); M-MLV-RT, Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase
