Table 1.

Validated surveys and scoring systems.

Characteristic	Survey method	Possible score range	References
Depression	CES-D-10 Depression Scale (10 q)	0–30	Andresen et al., 1994
Emotional distress/anxiety	Emotional Distress/Anxiety Short Form (8 q)	8–40	Pilkonis et al., 2011
Mindfulness	Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (5 q)	1–6	Brown and Ryan, 2003; Osman et al., 2016
Joy	Joy subscale of the Dispositional Positive Emotion Scales (6 q)	6–42	Shioata et al., 2006
Vitality	Subjective Vitality Scale (6 q)	7–42	Bostic et al., 2000
Resilience	Brief Resilience Scale (6 q)	6–30	Smith et al., 2008

CES, Center for Epidemiological Studies; q, questions.