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. 2021 May 19;12:651760. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651760

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Copyright © 2021 Ma, Yang, Wu, Wu, Liu, Dai and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Protocol of the 22-day experiment, test points, groups, and materials. (A) Protocol and test points (BL-3: 3rd day of Baseline; FT-3, FT-6, FT-9: 3rd, 6th, and 9th days of Complete Fasting, respectively; CR-3: 3rd day of Calorie Restriction; and RE-4: 4th day of Recovery). Participants were subject to no food intake limitations in the Baseline and Recovery sessions, they could drink water without solid food intake during the Complete Fasting session, and they could obtain limited food from the researchers during the Calorie Restriction session. (B) Two groups involved in the current experiment. (C) Physiological and psychological tests used in the current experiment for all six test points.