Scanning electron micrographs of the stem AZs structures of NF (a,d), AF (b,e) and ETH-F (c,f) of C. oleifera ‘Huashuo’. (a,d) SEM of the stem AZs structure of NF. NF was showed as the natural status. The entire abscission fracture plane was convex and severely tearing. The surface of the pith contained many broken and rough tracheary elements. (b,e) SEM of the stem AZs structure of AF. AF was showed as the abscission status. This type of fruit will soon fall off. The abscission fracture plane of AF was divided into two layers: the pith and its surrounding vascular tissue. Only the pith of AF showed the weak adhesion between the fruit stalk and stem. The surface of the pith was smooth, and no inclusions were released. (c,f) SEM of the stem AZs structure of ETH-F. ETH-F was shown as the other abscission status. The types of fruits sampled on the 8th DAT of ETH did not yet show the state of AF. The abscission fracture plane of ETH-F was uneven. There was a small amount of material on the surface of the pith. Bars in a–c represent 500 µm and bars in d–f represent 10 µm. The arrows indicate the pith of the abscission fracture plane.