Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 May 19;12:650830. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.650830

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Narayana, Gibbs, Fulton, McGregor, Mudigoudar, Weatherspoon, Boop and Wheless.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Clinical utility of presurgical TMS-derived language mapping in preschool children with brain tumors. (A): Left hemisphere temporal lobe language mapping in a 5.3-year-old female with recurrent pilomyxoid astrocytoma. She underwent a left temporal microsurgical subtotal (70%) tumor resection. Post-operatively, she had no speech deficits. (B): TMS language map from a 5-year-old male with recurrent left sylvian anaplastic ependymoma. Critical language areas were found around the margin of the tumor. The tumor was resected in full without any postoperative language deficits. (C) Right hemisphere temporal lobe language mapping in a 5.9-year-old female with a lesion in the right temporal lobe. Critical language areas were identified in bilateral temporal lobes. She underwent a resection of the right anterior temporal lobe, right amygdala, and hippocampus. The pathology classified the specimen as grade I ganglioglioma and focal cortical dysplasia type IIIb. Post-operatively, she had no speech deficits.