Table 2.

Applications of deformable liposomes

Deformable Liposomes	Drug	Applications	Inference
Transfersomes	Insulin	Delivery of Insulin	The developed transfersomal gel of insulin was able to reduce increased blood glucose levels
	Hydrocortisone and dexamethasone	Delivery of Corticosteroids	Application of transfersomal corticosteroids fastens the action, onset of anti-edema effects and bioactivity without affecting the mechanical abrasion.
	Meloxicam	Delivery of NSAIDs	Helped in the reduction of particle size with enhanced skin penetration and found better than conventional liposomes.
	5-Fluorouracil	Delivery of Anticancer agents	It enhanced the in-vitro skin permeation and deposition of the drug to the deeper parts of the skin and was better than the marketed preparation.
	Retinyl palmitate	Delivery of vitamin A derivatives	It demonstrated the compatibility of the transfersomes formulation and found a successful candidate for the effective delivery of highly lipophilic drugs.
	Lidocaine	Delivery of Local Anesthetics	The optimized lidocaine-transfersome formulation showed sustained delivery of drug compared to that of free drug
Ethosomes	Voriconazole	Delivery of Antifungal agents	In-vitro antifungal activity of the optimal ethosomal preparation was tested against Aspergillus flavus and was found to be successful for the treatment of fungal infections.
	Valsartan	Delivery of Anti-hypertensive drug	Showed a better and prolonged anti-hypertensive effect in valsartan-treated transdermal ethosomes compared to oral valsartan suspension
	Testosterone	Delivery of oral testosterone	The in-vivo and in-vitro study results showed enhanced bioavailability and skin permeation in the ethosomal formulation loaded with the testosterone over the marketed transdermal patch.
	Thymoquinone	Delivery of Anticancer agent	It showed enhanced skin permeation and deposition of drug and demonstrated anticancer activity against several tumors
	Febuxostat	Treatment of Gout	The formulated gel showed maximum skin penetration and was successful. It was found to be an alternative mode of therapy other than oral administration of tablets.
Transethosomes	ketorolac tromethamine	Delivery of NSAIDs	It showed inhibition of edema and swelling in transethosomes encapsulated ketorolac tromethamine gel
	colchicine	Treatment of Gout	The amount of colchicine permeated (after 24 h) through the skin of rats from the transethosomal gel was significantly higher than the NE gel.
	Voriconazole	Delivery of Antifungal drugs	It showed higher elasticity, permeability and skin deposition due to the synergistic effect of ethanol in conjunction with ethanol, edge activator or permeation enhancer
	Propranolol hydrochloride	Delivery of Anti-hypertensive drug	The formulated transethosomes was considered as a promising carrier for the delivery of non-selective β-blocker drug transdermally
Menthosomes	Meloxicam	Delivery of NSAIDs	Due to the presence of cationic surfactants, it significantly improved penetration of meloxicam through the skin, elasticity, flux, and deposition of the drug
Invasomes	Isradipine	Delivery of Anti-hypertensive agent	It showed a reduction of blood pressure in deoxycorticosterone acetate induced hypertensive rats after the application of isradipine loaded invasomal transgel
	Dapsone	Treatment of Acne	It showed higher skin deposition with improved penetration of drugs percutaneously and are compared to conventional liposomes
	Curcumin	Delivery of Herbal formulation	The formulation containing terpenes showed increased permeation in the skin due to the effect of terpenes and ethanol.
	Avanafil	Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction	It showed maximum skin penetration and was a good candidate for the transdermal delivery of drugs through the skin.