Table 1.
General characteristics of the study subjects
| Variable | Probiotic group (n = 22) | Placebo group (n = 22) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 56.70 ± 9.10 | 57.10 ± 7.80 | 0.876d |
| Weight (kg)a at study baseline | 75.60 ± 12.30 | 79.20 ± 12.10 | 0.390d |
| Weight (kg)a after intervention | 72.35 ± 12.40 | 77.54 ± 11.20 | 0.156 |
| Smoking | 5 (22) | 4 (18) | 0.431c |
| Ejection Fraction (%) | 37.0 (7.1) | 38.31 (6.7) | 0.527 |
| Non-Smoking n(%) | 17 (78) | 18 (82) | 0.431c |
| PAL n(%) | 0.491c | ||
| Low | 7 (31) | 2 (10) | |
| Moderate | 13 (59) | 19 (86) | |
| High | 2 (10) | 1 (4) | |
| Adverse Effects n(%) | 2 (9) | 1 (4.5) | 0.488 |
| Compliance Rate (%)d | 85 | 80 | 0.721 |
PAL physical activity level, MD Mean/Median of difference
aValues are expressed as mean (SD)
b- Values are expressed as frequency (%)
cChi-square test
dIndependent samples t-test