Figure 1 .

CDN1163 decreased cytosolic Ca²⁺ level in vitro and ex vivo. (A) Representative images showing cytosolic Ca²⁺ (Fluo-4 AM) of H2K-mdx myotubes established from C57BL10/mdx mice after 30 min of treatment with vehicle or CDN1163. Scale bar, 200 μm. (B) Quantitative analysis of Fluo-4 AM signal intensity in (A). n = 3. (C) Representative images showing cytosolic Ca²⁺ (Fluo-4 AM) in whole TA muscles dissected from wild-type C57BL/6J mice without treatment (BL6) or mdx mice after 30 min of treatment with vehicle (mdx-Vehicle) or CDN1163 (mdx-CDN1163). Muscles were incubated with Fluo-4 AM for 30 min. Scale bar, 1 mm. (D) Quantitative analysis of Fluo-4 AM signal intensity (n = 3 mice per group) in (C). ^*P < 0.01 by Student’s t-test (B) or ANOVA with the Tukey–Kramer test (D). Data are presented as the means ± SEMs.