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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2021 Mar 24;163:72–101. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.03.010

Fig. 3. Role of nanoparticles in the different areas of cancer immunotherapy.

Fig. 3.

Nanoparticles are helpful in a) targeted delivery of antigens to dendritic cells, b) controlled and triggered release of antigen and adjuvants to the tumor. c) Conjugation to the T cells for long-term activation and increasing the efficiency of checkpoint blockade therapy.