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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2021 Apr 6;277:113901. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113901

Table 2:

Provider Characteristics

Full Sample By Patient Race/Ethnicity
Provider Characteristics All Races White Black Asian Hispanic
N 1843 1064 654 60 65
PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER CHARACTERISTICS
PCP listed in EMR (%) 86.8 89.6 82.1 80.0 81.5
PCP Visit in 2016 (%)
 Yes 36.7 34.6 41.4 26.7 32.3
 No 6.1 5.5 8.0 1.7 3.1
 Unknown 44.2 50.3 33.3 51.7 46.2
 No provider listed (N/A) 13.0 9.7 17.3 20.0 18.5
PCP Location (%)
 Hospital system being studied 39.0 35.2 46.9 28.3 30.8
 Other tertiary care center 14.3 16.9 10.2 16.7 10.8
 Private practice 26.5 27.2 24.6 31.7 29.2
 Hospital/practice outside of region 7.0 10.7 0.9 3.3 10.8
 No provider listed (N/A) 13.2 10.0 17.3 20.0 18.5
PCP Degree/Training (%)
 Attending 79.8 86.9 69.3 76.7 72.3
 Resident 3.1 0.6 7.2 3.3 3.1
 Physician’s assistant or CRNP 3.7 2.5 5.8 0.0 4.6
 No provider listed (N/A) 13.4 10.0 17.7 20.0 20.0
ORDERING PROVIDER CHARACTERISTICS
Area of Practice (%)
 Primary care 22.5 26.1 13.5 18.3 13.9
 Emergency 26.2 21.8 23.2 25.0 23.1
 Pulmonary 20.9 14.5 44.5 28.3 32.3
 Other (rheumatology, oncology, etc.) 25.6 31.5 16.2 23.3 24.6
 Thoracic surgery 4.8 6.1 2.6 5.0 6.2
Ordering Provider Degree/Training (%)
 Attending 81.2 83.2 78.4 80.0 78.5
 Resident 9.4 5.6 14.7 11.7 16.9
 Physician’s assistant or CRNP 9.4 11.3 6.9 8.3 4.6
PULMONARY CARE CHARACTERISTICS
Pulmonary Care Established before Initial CT (%) 25.1 30.4 16.7 31.7 18.5
Pulmonary Care Established after Initial CT (%) 17.0 17.7 16.9 17.1 9.4