Figure 3: Mechanical properties for ionically vs covalently crosslinked alginate hydrogels.

(Adapted with permission from Chaudhuri et al., 2015) (a) Representative stress relaxation profiles for covalently vs ionically crosslinked alginate hydrogels. (b) Storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G”) as a function of frequency for covalently vs ionically crosslinked alginate hydrogels. All values are normalized by the storage modulus at 1Hz. (c) Initial elastic modulus (stiffness) for covalently vs ionically crosslinked alginate hydrogels, as measured using atomic force microscopy, with different levels of crosslinking (see Table 2). Data are shown as mean ± std. dev., n = 3 independent gels for each condition.