FIGURE 2.

Comparative effects of adipocyte‐derived EVs derived from a healthy lean or dysfunctional obese adipose tissue. Obesity triggers important adipose tissue (AT) remodeling including M1 macrophage infiltration, insufficient angiogenic potential, and fibrosis, all contributing to the pathogenesis of dysfunctional adipose tissue (AT). Secretion of adipocyte‐derived EVs (Ad‐EVs) is enhanced in obesity, and Ad‐EV contents likely reflect the pathophysiological status of their parental cells. Ad‐EVs can be transferred to multiple recipient cells and thereby contribute to AT homeostasis and metabolic function in healthy conditions, whereas they participate to obesity–metabolic dysfunction development when derived from obese AT. Evidences supporting these mechanisms are detailed in the text