After the original trial ended, all participants subsequently received routine medical care from their usual clinics and providers. *In 2009, review of death certificates and medical records only; no examinations were done. †Most loss to follow-up (31 of 36) occurred between 1986 and 1992, during the trial, when some participants were relocated to a newly discovered oil field and could no longer receive intervention or follow-up at their assigned clinics in Da Qing; in 2016, data were obtained for some participants who earlier had been reported as lost to follow-up.