Table 5.
Saponins from M. sativa.
| Aglycone | No. | 3-OH substituted | 28-COOH substituted | Formula weight | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medicagenic acid | 49 | β-D-GlcA | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C47H72O20 956 | [30] |
| 50 | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-β-D-Gal(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA | — | C48H74O21 986 | [31] | |
| 51 | β-D-GlcA | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C52H80O24 1088 | [18, 31] | |
| 52 | β-D-GlcA | β-D-GlcA | C42H62O18 854 | [32] | |
| 53 | β-D-Glc(1⟶3)-β-D-Glc | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C53H84O24 1104 | [32] | |
| 54 | β-D-GlcA | β-D-Api(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C57H88O28 1220 | [32] | |
| 55 | β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C53H84O24 1104 | [33] | |
| 56 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C58H92O28 1236 | [18, 33] | |
| 57 | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | β-D-Glc | C52H82O24 1090 | [33] | |
| 58 | β-D-Glc | — | C36H56O11 664 | [1, 18, 25] | |
| 59 | β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc | C42H66O16 826 | [1, 18, 25, 34] | |
| 60 | β-D-Glc | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C52H82O23 1074 | [1, 6, 18] | |
| 61 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc | C48H76O21 988 | [18, 25] | |
| 62∗ | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | — | C48H76O21 988 | [34] | |
| 63 | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | — | C48H76O20 972 | [34] | |
|
| |||||
| Zanhic acid | 64 | β-D-GlcA | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C52H80O25 1104 | [30] |
| 65 | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | — | C46H72O19 928 | [32] | |
| 66 | β-D-Glc | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C52H82O24 1090 | [32] | |
| 67 | β-D-Glc(1⟶3)-β-D-Glc | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C53H84O25 1120 | [32] | |
| 68 | β-D-Glc | α-L-Ara(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C57H90O28 1222 | [32] | |
| 69 | β-D-GlcA | α-L-Ara(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C57H88O29 1236 | [32] | |
| 70 | β-D-Glc(1⟶3)-β-D-Glc | α-L-Ara(1⟶3)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C58H92O29 1252 | [32] | |
| 71 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | α-L-Ara(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C63H100O33 1384 | [32] | |
| 72 | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Api(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C68H108O37 1516 | [32] | |
| 73 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C64H102O34 1414 | [1, 18, 25] | |
| 74 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Api(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C69H110O38 1546 | [18, 30] | |
| 75 | β-D-GluA | α-L-Ara(1⟶3)-[β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)]-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C57H88O29 1236 | [1] | |
|
| |||||
| Bayogenin | 76 | α-L-Ara | β-D-Glc | C41H66O14 782 | [32] |
| 77∗∗ | β-D-Gal(1⟶2)-β-D-GluAME | β-D-Glu | C49H76O22 1016 | [35] | |
| 78∗∗ | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-β-D-GluAME | β-D-Glc | C48H76O20 972 | [35] | |
|
| |||||
| Hederagenin | 79 | — | β-D-Glc | C36H58O9 634 | [32] |
| 80 | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc | C47H76O18 928 | [18] | |
| 81 | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | — | C46H74O17 898 | [18] | |
| 82 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | — | C41H66O13 766 | [1] | |
| 83 | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | β-D-Glc | C52H84O22 1060 | [18, 34] | |
| 84∗∗ | β-D-Xyl(1⟶3)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Xyl(1⟶4)-α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | C57H92O25 1176 | [34] | |
| 85∗∗ | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Xyl | β-D-Glc | C52H84O22 1060 | [34] | |
| 86∗∗ | β-D-Xyl(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc | C53H86O23 1090 | [34] | |
| 87∗∗ | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | β-D-Glc | C53H86O23 1090 | [34] | |
| 88∗∗ | α-L-Ara(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-GluAME | β-D-Glc | C54H86O24 1118 | [35] | |
| 89 | β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-α-L-Ara | β-D-Glc | C47H76O18 928 | [34] | |
|
| |||||
| 2β,3β-Dihydroxy-23-oxo-olean-12en-28oic acid | 90 | β-D-GlcA | β-D-Glc | C42H64O16 824 | [32] |
| 91∗∗ | β-D-Xyl(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc(1⟶2)-β-D-Glc | β-D-Glc | C53H84O24 1104 | [34] | |
|
| |||||
| Soyasapogenol B | 92 | α-L-Rha(1⟶2)-β-D-Gal(1⟶2)-β-D-GluA | — | C48H78O18 942 | [1, 18, 25, 33, 34] |