Table 1.
Incidence and Standardized Mortality Ratio of Sudden Cardiac Death (N = 1,836) in Patients with Schizophrenia (N = 170,322) Stratified by Age, from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2016.
| N | Follow-up Duration, years: Mean (SD) | Number of Sudden Cardiac Death Observed (N) | Total Person-Years | Crude Incidencea | Expected Number (N) | SMRb | 95% CI | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agec (years) | |||||||||
| <35 | 76,325 | 9.0 (4.7) | 198 | 688,276.2 | 28.8 | 8.53 | 23.14 | 20.03 to 26.60 | <0.001 |
| 35 to 54 | 61,453 | 8.1 (4.8) | 665 | 500,483.2 | 132.9 | 98.90 | 6.73 | 6.22 to 7.26 | <0.001 |
| >55 | 32,544 | 5.6 (4.5) | 973 | 183,194.3 | 531.1 | 547.11 | 1.78 | 1.67 to 1.89 | <0.001 |
| Total | 170,322 | 7.6 (4.5) | 1,836 | 1,371,953.7 | 133.8 | 631.9 | 2.91 | 2.77 to 3.04 | <0.001 |
a Incidence rate: incident number/100,000 person-years.
b Standardized mortality ratio (SMR): the observed number of cases with sudden cardiac death/expected number of cases; the expected numbers of sudden cardiac death was obtained by multiplying the cumulative contributed person-years of patients in the specified stratum of the cohort with schizophrenia by the incidence of sudden cardiac death (2001 to 2016) in the general population.
c Indicates age at the baseline; we calculated SMR based on sex- and period (year) adjustment.