Were the two groups similar and recruited from the same population? |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Were the exposures measured similarly to assign people to both exposed and unexposed groups? |
1 |
0 |
1 |
Was the exposure measured in a valid and reliable way? |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Were confounding factors identified? |
1 |
1 |
0 |
Were strategies to deal with confounding factors stated? |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Were the groups/participants free of the outcome at the start of the study (or at the moment of exposure)? |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Were the outcomes measured in a valid and reliable way? |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Was the follow up time reported and sufficient to be long enough for outcomes to occur? |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Was follow up complete, and if not, were the reasons to loss to follow up described and explored? |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Were strategies to address incomplete follow up utilized? |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Was appropriate statistical analysis used? |
1 |
1 |
1 |