Table 2.
Associations between anthropometric measurements and liver cancer risk among non-smoking and non-alcohol-drinking women (1997–2016)
| Overall adiposity | Cases | Person year | HRa (95%CI) | HRb (95%CI) | Fat distribution | Cases | Person year | HRa (95%CI) | HRb (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, Chinese classification (kg/m2) | WC (cm) | ||||||||
| <24.00 | 100 | 654125 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | <85 | 149 | 966609 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| <28.00 | 92 | 416807 | 1.15 (0.87, 1.54) | 1.17 (0.88, 1.56) | ≥85 | 92 | 244630 | 1.63 (1.24, 2.13) | 1.61 (1.22, 2.12) |
| ≥28.00 | 49 | 140306 | 1.54 (1.09, 2.19) | 1.54 (1.08, 2.20) | WCc (cm) | ||||
| BMI, WHO classification (kg/m2) | <71.50 | 38 | 303756 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||||
| <25.00 | 130 | 796778 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | <76.75 | 42 | 279482 | 1.03 (0.67, 1.61) | 1.05 (0.68, 1.63) |
| <30.00 | 84 | 357222 | 1.11 (0.84, 1.47) | 1.11 (0.84, 1.47) | <82.75 | 51 | 301996 | 0.97 (0.63, 1.48) | 0.98 (0.64, 1.51) |
| ≥30.00 | 27 | 57238 | 1.95 (1.28, 2.96) | 1.90 (1.24, 2.91) | ≥82.75 | 110 | 326004 | 1.51 (1.03, 2.23) | 1.52 (1.03, 2.25) |
| BMIc (kg/m2) | P trend | 0.010 | 0.012 | ||||||
| <21.63 | 42 | 304809 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | Per 10 cm | 239 | 1201545 | 1.24 (1.06, 1.44) | 1.23 (1.05, 1.43) |
| <23.71 | 50 | 306401 | 1.08 (0.72, 1.63) | 1.08 (0.72, 1.64) | HIPc (cm) | ||||
| <26.03 | 58 | 303424 | 1.11 (0.74, 1.65) | 1.12 (0.75, 1.67) | <89.75 | 31 | 232386 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| ≥26.03 | 91 | 296605 | 1.50 (1.04, 2.18) | 1.51 (1.03, 2.20) | <94.75 | 47 | 327647 | 0.99 (0.63, 1.56) | 1.00 (0.63, 1.57) |
| P trend | 0.018 | 0.019 | <99.90 | 53 | 297426 | 1.09 (0.70, 1.70) | 1.10 (0.70, 1.71) | ||
| Per 5 kg/m2 | 238 | 1200025 | 1.30 (1.07, 1.57) | 1.29 (1.07, 1.57) | ≥99.90 | 110 | 353779 | 1.55 (1.03, 2.32) | 1.58 (1.05, 2.38) |
| BMI at 20 years oldc (kg/m2) | P trend | 0.005 | 0.004 | ||||||
| <17.79 | 41 | 262739 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | Per 10 cm | 239 | 1202268 | 1.30 (1.10, 1.54) | 1.30 (1.10, 1.55) |
| <19.29 | 42 | 264937 | 0.95 (0.62, 1.47) | 0.96 (0.63, 1.48) | WHRc | ||||
| <21.09 | 42 | 263317 | 0.92 (0.59, 1.41) | 0.93 (0.60, 1.43) | <0.77 | 41 | 311102 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| ≥ 21.09 | 53 | 259690 | 1.14 (0.76, 1.71) | 1.14 (0.75, 1.72) | <0.81 | 56 | 298384 | 1.25 (0.83, 1.87) | 1.23 (0.82, 1.85) |
| P trend | 0.493 | 0.500 | <0.84 | 55 | 307526 | 1.04 (0.69, 1.57) | 1.03 (0.69, 1.55) | ||
| Per 5 kg/m2 | 176 | 1040596 | 1.08 (0.79, 1.48) | 1.08 (0.78, 1.47) | ≥0.84 | 89 | 294227 | 1.38 (0.94, 2.02) | 1.32 (0.90, 1.94) |
| Adult weight gain (kg) | P trend | 0.139 | 0.227 | ||||||
| ≤5.00 | 50 | 326271 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | Per 0.1 unit | 240 | 1199707 | 1.18 (0.92, 1.52) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) |
| ≤10.00 | 29 | 250026 | 0.80 (0.50, 1.26) | 0.85 (0.53, 1.37) | WHtRc | ||||
| ≤15.00 | 46 | 238376 | 1.31 (0.88, 1.96) | 1.44 (0.94, 2.20) | <0.45 | 32 | 307116 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| ≤20.00 | 38 | 156267 | 1.53 (1.01, 2.34) | 1.67 (1.06, 2.61) | <0.49 | 44 | 309744 | 1.10 (0.70, 1.74) | 1.11 (0.70, 1.76) |
| >20.00 | 35 | 128846 | 1.58 (1.03, 2.43) | 1.69 (1.06, 2.69) | <0.53 | 66 | 303389 | 1.33 (0.86, 2.06) | 1.33 (0.86, 2.05) |
| P trend | 0.005 | 0.003 | ≥0.53 | 99 | 290989 | 1.55 (1.01, 2.38) | 1.53 (0.99, 2.37) | ||
| Per 5 kg | 196 | 1089964 | 1.13 (1.04, 1.22) | 1.15 (1.06, 1.25) | P trend | 0.021 | 0.030 | ||
| Annual average weight gainc (kg/year) | Per 0.1 unit | 239 | 1200594 | 1.40 (1.11, 1.78) | 1.37 (1.07, 1.75) | ||||
| <0.13 | 44 | 272145 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | |||||
| <0.32 | 50 | 274038 | 1.09 (0.72, 1.63) | 1.19 (0.78, 1.82) | |||||
| <0.52 | 56 | 276019 | 1.44 (0.97, 2.14) | 1.60 (1.05, 2.45) | |||||
| ≥0.52 | 48 | 277583 | 1.80 (1.18, 2.75) | 1.99 (1.25, 3.16) | |||||
| P trend | 0.003 | 0.002 | |||||||
| Per 0.5 kg/year | 198 | 1088690 | 1.37 (1.05, 1.79) | 1.44 (1.08, 1.92) | |||||
a
Adjusted for age.
b
Adjusted for age, education, income, menopausal status, age at menarche, history of chronic hepatitis, history of cholelithiasis, family history of liver cancer, total energy intake and total physical activity. Analyses of adult weight gain and annual average weight gain were further adjusted for weight at 20 years old.
c
Categorized by quartiles.