Table 1.
Differential Expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in regenerative vs. non-regenerative hearts in different species.
| Regenerative | Non-regenerative | Studies demonstrating ECM | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECM | Zebrafish | Neonatal | Neonatal | Adult | Adult | component involvement in |
| component | rat | mice | rat | mice | cardiac regenerative | |
| Agrin | ↑ (46) | ↓ (46) | Recombinant Agrin promotes cardiac regeneration (45, 46) | |||
| Collagen-I | ↑ (50) | ↓ (39) | ↓ (36) | ↑ (39) | ↑ (36) | |
| Collagen-III | ↓ (39) | ↓ (36) | ↑ (39) | ↑ (36) | ||
| Collagen-IV | ↑ (42) | ↑ (39) | ↓ (39) | |||
| Collagen-V | ↑ (42) | ↓ (39) | ↑ (39) | |||
| Collagen-VI | ↑ (39) | ↓ (39) | ||||
| Fibrilin | ↑ (42) | ↑ (39) | ↓ (39) | |||
| Fibronectin | ↑ (50) | ↑ (39) | ↑ (36) | ↓ (39) | ↓ (36) | Fibronectin is important for zebrafish cardaic regeneration (48) |
| Hyaluronic acid | ↑ (42) | ↑ (51) | ↓ (37) | Hyaluronic acid inhibition blocks zebrafish cardaic regeneration (43, 49) | ||
| Laminin | ↓ (39) | ↓ (36) | ↑ (39) | ↑ (36) | ||
| Periostin | ↑ (50) | ↑ (39) | ↑ (52) | ↓ (39) | ↓ (37) | Periostin invovled in neonatal, and not adult, cardiac regeneration (47, 53–55) |
| Perlecan | ↑ (39) | ↓ (39) | ||||
| Thrombospondin | ↑ (37) | ↓ (37) | ||||
| Versican | ↑ (37) | ↓ (37) | ||||
↑, denotes high expression of selected ECM component.
↓, denotes low expression of selected ECM component.