Table 1.
Comparison of our proposed sensors with other reported sensors.
| Immunosensor | Detection method | Linear range (ng mL−1) | Detection limit (ng mL−1) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPPy-AuNP/SPE | EIS | 0.5–125 | 2.0 × 10−2 | Tabrizi et al., 2016 |
| PTH-MB/AuNP/AuE | DPV | 10–104 | 3 | Qiu et al., 2010 |
| AuNP/L-cysteine electrode | DPV | 0.82–90 | 25 × 10−2 | Zhang et al., 2008 |
| Cd2+/GP-Fe3O4/Au@Ag/GCE | Amp | 5.0 × 10−6−50 | 2.0 × 10−6 | Li et al., 2016 |
| GO/SPCE | DPV | 2.5–100 | 1.99 | Jumpathong et al., 2016 |
| Cu(II)/GO/SPCE | SWV | 1.0 × 10−3−0.5 | 2.0 × 10−4 | This work |
| Glucose sensor | Detection method | Linear range (mM) | Detection limit (μM) | References |
| Enzymatic glucose sensor | ||||
| CS/GOx/ZnO/GCE | CV | 0.2–5.6 | 10 | Zhou et al., 2013 |
| GOx/MoS2/GP/GCE | Amp | 2.0–20.0 | 2.9 × 102 | Jeong et al., 2017 |
| GP-CdS-GOx/GCE | CV | 2–16 | 7.0 × 102 | Wang et al., 2011 |
| AuNPs/GOx-MWCNTs-PVA/GCE | Amp | 0.5–8.0 | 2.0 × 102 | Zhang et al., 2011 |
| PDA/GOx/GP | Amp | 0.001–4.7 | 0.1 | Ruan et al., 2013 |
| Non-enzymatic glucose sensor | ||||
| PDA/CuO-C-dot/SPCE | Amp | 0.5–2, 2–5 | 110, 62.3 | Sridara et al., 2020 |
| Cu(II)-C3N4/MWCNTs/GCE | Amp | 0.5 × 10−3−12 | 0.35 | Zheng et al., 2018 |
| CuO/TiE | Amp | 5.0 × 10−3−1.6 | 2.0 | Ji et al., 2014 |
| NiO-TiO2/GCE | Amp | 2.0 × 10−3−2.0 | 0.7 | Rajendran et al., 2018 |
| Pt nanoflowers/MWCNTs/GP/GCE | Amp | 1.0–7.0 | 3.9 × 102 | Badhulika et al., 2014 |
| Nafion/CuNPs-N-GP/GCE | Amp | 4.0 × 10−3−4.5 | 1.3 | Jiang et al., 2014 |
| Cu(II)-GO/SPCE | Amp | 0.10–1.0, 1.0–12.5 | 1.2 × 102 | This work |
OPPy, overoxidized polypyrrole; AuNP, gold nanoparticle; SPE, screen printed electrode; EIS, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; PTH, polythionine; MB, methylene blue; AuE, gold electrode; DPV, differential pulse voltammetry; Cd2+, cadmium ion; GP, graphene; Au@Ag, gold and silver core-shell nanoparticles; GCE, glassy carbon electrode; Amp, amperometry; GO, graphene oxide; SPCE, screen printed carbon electrode; Cu(II), copper(II) ion; SWV, square wave voltammetry; CS, chitosan; GOx, glucose oxidase; ZnO, zinc oxide; CV, cyclic voltammetry; MoS2, molybdenum disulfide; CdS, cadmium sulfide; MWCNTs, multi-wall carbon nanotubes; PVA, polyvinyl alcohol; PDA, polydopamine; CuO, copper oxide; C-dots, carbon nanodots; C3N4, graphitic carbon nitride; TiE, titanium substrate electrode; NiO, nickel oxide; TiO2, titanium dioxide; Pt, platinum; CuNPs-N-GP, copper nanoparticles decorated nitrogen-doped GP.