Table 3.
Comparison of GHQ-28 and IES-R outcomes regarding particular cluster of coping in medical and non-medical workers.
| Medical | P adj | Non- medical | P adj | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1,173 | N = 658 | |||||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||||
| GHQ-28 | Total | Cluster 1 | 25 (16–35) 26.7 ± 14.4 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
18 (12–31) 23.4 ± 15 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
| Cluster 2 | 36 (26–47) 37.1 ± 14.6 |
30 (21.5–43) 33 ± 15.9 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 22 (15–30) 23.8 ± 11.8 |
19 (12.75–27) 21.3 ± 11.6 |
||||
| Positive | Cluster 1 | 141 (19.9%) | 1 <2 ** 1 <3 * 2 > 3 ** |
75 (25.0%) | 2 > 1 ** 3 <2 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 363 (51.1%) | 136 (45.3%) | ||||
| Cluster 3 | 206 (29.07%) | 89 (29.7%) | ||||
| Somatic symptoms | Cluster 1 | 6 (3–10) 6.8 ± 4.4 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 * 2 vs. 3 ** |
5 (2–8) 5.9 ± 4.4 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 9 (6–13) 9.6 (4.6) | 8 (4.5–11.5) 8.4 ± 4.9 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 6 (3–9) 6.4 ± 4.1 |
5 (2–8) 5.4 ± 3.9 |
||||
| Anxiety and insomnia | Cluster 1 | 8 (4–13) 8.7 ± 5.5 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
6 (3–10) 7 ± 5.4 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 13 (9–16) 12.4 ± 4.9 |
10 (6–15) 10.6 ± 5.5 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 8 (4–12) 8.3 ± 5 |
7 (3–10) 7.2 ± 4.9 |
||||
| Social dysfunction | Cluster 1 | 7.5 (6–10) 8.3 ± 3.1 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
7 (6–9) 7.7 ± 3.3 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 * 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 9 (7–12) 9.8 ± 3.6 |
9 (7–12) 9.4 ± 3.7 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 7 (6–8) 7.1 ± 2.9 |
7 (6–8) 7.1 ± 2.8 |
||||
| Severe depression | Cluster 1 | 2 (0–4) 2.9 ± 3.7 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
1 (0–4) 2.8 ± 3.9 |
1 vs. 2 ** 1 vs. 3 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 4 (2–8) 5.3 ± 4.3 |
3 (1–6) 4.6 ± 4.4 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 1 (0–2) 1.9 ± 2.6 |
1 (0–2) 1.6 ± 2.3 |
||||
| IES–R | Total | Cluster 1 | 30 (18–42) 30.7 ± 16.9 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
29 (18.25–41) 29.8 ± 16.8 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
| Cluster 2 | 45 (35–55) 44.5 ± 15.6 |
45 (36–55) 44.1 ± 15.5 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 31 (20–45) 32.8 ± 16 |
30 (9–42) 30.8 ± 16.6 |
||||
| Intrusion | Cluster 1 | 1.38 (0.62–2) 1.4 ± 0.9 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
1.25 (0.62–1.94) 1.4 ± 0.9 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 2.12 (1.5–2.75) 2.1 ± 0.9 |
2.12 (1.56–2.62) 2.1 ± 0.9 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 1.38 (0.75–2.12) 1.5 ± 0.9 |
1.25 (0.75–2) 1.4 ± 0.9 |
||||
| Arousal | Cluster 1 | 1.29 (0.71–2) 1.4 ± 0.9 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
1.29 (0.71–1.86) 1.4 (0.9) |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 2.14 (1.57–2.71) 2.1 ± 0.8 |
2.14 (1.57–2.71) 2.1 ± 0.9 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 1.43 (0.86–2) 1.5 ± 0.8 |
1.29 (0.71–1.86) 1.4 ± 0.8 |
||||
| Avoidance | Cluster 1 | 1.36 (0.86–1.86) 1.3 ± 0.7 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
1.43 (0.86–2) 1.4 ± 0.8 |
1 vs. 2 ** 2 vs. 3 ** |
|
| Cluster 2 | 1.86 (1.43–2.29) 1.8 ± 0.7 |
2 (1.43–2.29) 1.9 ± 0.7 |
||||
| Cluster 3 | 1.57 (1, 2) 1.5 ± 0.7 |
1.43 (0.96–2) 1.5 ± 0.8 |
||||
P adj – p-value adjusted for sex and age (ANCOVA). Post-hoc comparison was performed using Holm method. Data expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR) as well as mean and standard deviation (SD).
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.001.