TABLE 3.
Tumor type | Drug resistance | Mechanisms | References |
Breast cancer | Doxorubicin | Cancer cells secreting PGE2 and activating PGE2/miR-10/AMPK signals within MDSCs. | Rong et al., 2016 |
Cervical cancer | Platinum-based chemotherapy | Cancer cells expressing G-CSF, causing MDSCs accumulation and T cell suppression. | Kawano et al., 2015 |
HCC | 5-FU, ADM | Cancer cells-derived IL-6 enhancing the activity and expansion of MDSCs. | Xu et al., 2017 |
Melanoma | PLX4720 | Melanomas inducing expansion of CCR2-expressing monocytic-MDSCs in the TME by producing CCL2, activating MDSCs through MAPK signaling. | Steinberg et al., 2017 |
MM | 5-FU, bortezomib | MDSCs inducing AMPK activation and MCL-1 and BCL-2 expression in myeloma cells. | De Veirman et al., 2019 |
Prostate cancer | Castration-resistance | IL-23 secreted by MDSCs activating IL-23-IL-23R-RORγ axis of androgen receptor pathway in prostate cancer cells. | Calcinotto et al., 2018 |
PGE2, prostaglandin E2; G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; HCC, hepatocellular cancer; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; ADM, adriamycin; MM, multiple myeloma.