Table 4.
Selected ncRNAs as biomarkers for GDM.
| Type of ncRNA | Expression in GDM | ROC area under curve | Sample Size | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (95%CI) | ||||
| lncRNA MEG8 | Up | 0.73 (0.67-0.78) | 78 GDMs vs 322 controls | (116) |
| miR-16-5p | Up | 0.92 (0.87-0.98) | 85 GDM vs 72 controls | (117) |
| miR-17-5p | Up | 0.88 (0.80-0.96) | 85 GDM vs 72 controls | (117) |
| miR-20a-5p | Up | 0.74 (0.62-0.87) | 85 GDM vs 72 controls | (117) |
| miR-23a | Up | AUC = 0.89 and accuracy = 0.90 | 23GDM vs 20 controls | (118) |
| for miR-23a | ||||
| miR‐195‐5p | Up | 0.85 (0.79-0.90) | 102 GDM vs 102 controls | (119) |
| miR-223 | Up | AUC = 0.94 and accuracy = 0.90 | 23GDM vs 20 controls | (118) |
| for miR-223 | ||||
| miR-330-3p | Up | – | 31 GDM vs 29 controls | (120) |
| miR-21-3p | Down | AUC= 0.73 | 19 GDM vs 28 controls | (121) |
| miR-29a/b | Down | 0.83 (0.76-0.90) for miR-29a, | 68 GDM vs 55 controls | (122) |
| 0.86 (0.79-0.93) for miR-29b | ||||
| miR-185 | Down | AUC= 0.93 | 156 GDM vs 100 controls | (123) |
| miR-132 | Down | AUC= 0.90 | 108 GDM vs 50 controls | (124) |
| Hsa_circRNA_0054633 | Up | 0.79 (0.69-0.90) (2nd trimester) | 40 GDM vs 40 controls (2nd trimester), 65 GDM vs 65 controls (3rd trimester) | (54) |
| Hsa_circRNA_102893 | Down | 0.81 (0.59–0.94) for training set, | 12 GDM vs 12 controls (training set), | (56) |
| 0.74 (0.57–0.87) for test set | 18 GDM vs 18 controls (test set) | |||
| exosomal miR-16-5p | Up (2nd trimester), Down (3rd trimester) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) (2nd trimester) | 27 GDM vs 34 controls | (108) |
| exosomal miR-222-3p | NS (2nd trimester), Down (3rd trimester) | 0.69 (0.29-1.09) (2nd trimester) | 27 GDM vs 34 controls | (108) |
| exosomal miR-516b-5p | NS (2nd trimester), Down (3rd trimester) | 0.94 (0.76-1.11) (2nd trimester) | 27 GDM vs 34 controls | (108) |
| exosomal miR-517-5p | Up (2nd trimester), Down (3rd trimester) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) (2nd trimester) | 27 GDM vs 34 controls | (108) |
| exosomal miR-518-3p | Up (2nd trimester), Down (3rd trimester) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) (2nd trimester) | 27 GDM vs 34 controls | (108) |
| Oral extracellular vesicles | Up | AUC= 0.81 | 11 GDM vs 23 controls | (125) |
AUC, area under curve; circRNA, circular RNA; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; miRNA, microRNA; GDM, Gestational diabetes mellitus; ROC, Receiver operating characteristic curve.