Table 1.
Participant characteristics by tertiles of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA).
| Characteristics | Low MVPA (0–36.6 min·d−1) | Moderate MVPA (36.7–64.0 min·d−1) | High MVPA (64.1–234.5 min·d−1) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Current Visit, years | ||||
| Mean(SD) | 65.33 (2.73) | 64.80 (2.57) | 64.69 (2.68) | 0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| Black | 147 (35.08%) | 118 (28.16%) | 63 (15.07%) | <0.0001 |
| White | 167 (39.86%) | 183 (43.68%) | 227 (54.31%) | |
| Chinese | 45 (10.74%) | 40 (9.55%) | 62 (14.83%) | |
| Hispanic | 34 (8.11%) | 22 (5.25%) | 15 (3.59%) | |
| Japanese | 26 (6.21%) | 56 (13.37%) | 51 (12.20%) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single/never married | 46 (11.00%) | 46 (10.98%) | 51 (12.20%) | 0.003 |
| Currently married/living as married | 224 (53.59%) | 259 (61.81%) | 270 (64.59%) | |
| Separated/widowed/divorced | 148 (35.41%) | 114 (27.21%) | 97 (23.21%) | |
| Employment status | ||||
| Employed | 189 (45.32%) | 234 (55.98%) | 229 (54.78%) | 0.003 |
| Site | ||||
| Michigan | 84 (20.05%) | 65 (15.51%) | 42 (10.05%) | <0.0001 |
| Boston | 46 (10.98%) | 59 (14.08%) | 58 (13.88%) | |
| Chicago | 70 (16.71%) | 66 (15.75%) | 41 (9.81%) | |
| UC Davis | 60 (14.32%) | 59 (14.08%) | 90 (21.53%) | |
| UCLA | 42 (10.02%) | 74 (17.66%) | 94 (22.49%) | |
| New Jersey | 47 (11.22%) | 26 (6.21%) | 27 (6.46%) | |
| Pittsburgh | 70 (16.71%) | 70 (16.71%) | 66 (15.79%) | |
| Body Mass Index | ||||
| Mean(SD) | 31.22 (7.26) | 28.95 (6.63) | 26.67 (6.14) | <0.0001 |
| Obesity status | ||||
| Underweight/Normal | 90 (21.58%) | 122 (29.12%) | 190 (45.45%) | <0.0001 |
| Overweight | 108 (25.90%) | 145 (34.61%) | 124 (29.67%) | |
| Obese | 219 (52.52%) | 152 (36.28%) | 104 (24.88%) | |
| Menopausal status | ||||
| Post by BSO | 28 (6.70%) | 27 (6.46%) | 18 (4.32%) | 0.62 |
| Natural post | 380 (90.91%) | 381 (91.15%) | 389 (93.29%) | |
| Unknown or hysterectomy | 10 (2.39%) | 10 (2.39%) | 10 (2.40%) | |
| Difficulty paying for basics | ||||
| Very hard/somewhat hard | 115 (28.40%) | 87 (21.12%) | 61 (14.81%) | <0.0001 |
| Not hard at all | 290 (71.60%) | 325 (78.88%) | 351 (85.19%) | |
| Depression status at V15 | ||||
| Depressed | 59 (14.08%) | 42 (10.02%) | 35 (8.37%) | 0.02 |
| Overall health status | ||||
| Excellent/very good | 152 (36.89%) | 215 (51.81%) | 261 (62.44%) | <0.0001 |
| Good | 164 (39.81%) | 147 (35.42%) | 123 (29.43%) | |
| Fair/poor | 96 (23.30%) | 53 (12.77%) | 34 (8.13%) | |
| Difficulty Performing Work/Activities | ||||
| Yes | 142 (34.30%) | 112 (26.86%) | 81 (19.42%) | <0.0001 |
| Bodily pain | ||||
| None | 52 (12.56%) | 60 (14.35%) | 78 (18.71%) | <0.0001 |
| Very mild | 122 (29.47%) | 151 (36.12%) | 156 (37.41%) | |
| Mild | 86 (20.77%) | 103 (24.64%) | 107 (25.66%) | |
| Moderate | 100 (24.15%) | 80 (19.14%) | 60 (14.39%) | |
| Severe/very severe | 54 (13.04%) | 24 (5.74%) | 16 (3.84%) | |
| Current Smoker | ||||
| Yes | 36 (8.70%) | 19 (4.55%) | 14 (3.35%) | 0.002 |
| Told had Arthritis or Osteoarthritis at V15 | ||||
| Yes | 158 (38.26%) | 146 (35.01%) | 134 (32.13%) | 0.18 |
| Ever had Arthritis or Osteoarthritis | ||||
| Yes | 292 (69.69%) | 253 (60.38%) | 222 (53.11%) | <0.0001 |
| Ever had Diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 123 (29.36%) | 63 (15.04%) | 28 (6.70%) | <0.0001 |
| Ever had CVD Event | ||||
| Myocardial infarction, angina or stroke | ||||
| Yes | 38 (9.07%) | 17 (4.06%) | 7 (1.67%) | <0.0001 |
| Categorical Comorbidity Score1 | ||||
| 0 comorbidities | 23 (5.49%) | 43 (10.26%) | 51 (12.20%) | <0.0001 |
| 1 comorbidity | 46 (10.98%) | 67 (15.99%) | 91 (21.77%) | |
| ≥2 comorbidities | 350 (83.53%) | 309 (73.75%) | 276 (66.03%) | |
| Physical Performance | ||||
| Average ascent time on the stair climb test, seconds2 | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.63 (1.19) | 3.20 (0.91) | 3.01 (0.67) | <0.0001 |
| Average timed 40 foot walk test3 | ||||
| Seconds, Mean (SD) | 9.90 (2.78) | 9.09 (1.80) | 8.43 (1.57) | <0.0001 |
| Meters per second, (Mean (SD) | 1.34 (0.30) | 1.42 (0.26) | 1.53 (0.27) | <0.0001 |
| SPPB (SWAN scoring), n (%) | ||||
| No Limitations | 93 (22.85%) | 179 (43.03%) | 226 (54.33%) | <0.0001 |
| Mild Limitations | 191 (46.93%) | 177 (42.55%) | 166 (39.90%) | |
| Moderate Limitations | 111 (27.27%) | 57 (13.70%) | 23 (5.53%) | |
| Severe Limitations | 12 (2.95%) | 3 (0.72%) | 1 (0.24%) |
1
Comorbidities included in the categorical comorbidity score: myocardial infarction/angina, diabetes, osteoarthritis, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, thyroid problems, osteoporosis, stroke.
2
Stair climb test was not conducted at the Boston SWAN site (included Black and White women).
3
40 foot walk test was not conducted at the Los Angeles (only SWAN site including Japanese women) or Newark (only SWAN site including Hispanic women) SWAN sites.