Table 2.
Univariate analysis of risk factors associated with Ab-PJIa
| Variables | Ab-PJIa No. (%) N = 33 | NON-Ab-PJIb No. (%) N = 65 | P-value# |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data Age (median [variation]) (years) | 71.0 (48–88) | 69.0 (30–92) | 0.626*** |
| Females | 16 (48.5) | 41 (63.0) | 0.166* |
| Patient-related variables | |||
| Alcoholism | 7 (21.2) | 7 (10.77) | 0.222* |
| Smoking | 4 (12.1) | 9 (13.8) | 1.000* |
| Comorbidities (yes) | 25 (75.8) | 46 (70.8) | 0.601** |
| SAHc | 20 (60.6) | 40 (61.5) | 0.929** |
| DMd | 8 (24.2) | 12 (18.5) | 0.502** |
| Malnutrition | 4 (12.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.436** |
| Anemia | 2 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.111** |
| Cancer | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1.000** |
| Lung disease | 0 (0.0) | 5 (7.7) | 0.122** |
| Metabolic syndrome | 5 (15.2) | 13 (20.0) | 0.558* |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2 (6.1) | 3 (4.6) | 1.000** |
| Other comorbiditiese | 3 (9.1) | 8 (12.3) | 0.746** |
| ASA scoref, * | |||
| ASA 1 | 2 (6.1) | 19 (29.2) | 0.009** |
| ASA 2 | 22 (66.7) | 25 (38.5) | |
| ASA 3 | 8 (24.2) | 21 (32.3) | |
| ASA 4 | 1 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Use of antimicrobials* | |||
| Previous use | 17 (51.5) | 20 (30.8) | 0.045* |
| Single antimicrobial | 6 (18.2) | 5 (7.7) | 0.104** |
| Antimicrobial combination | 11 (33.3) | 15 (23.1) | |
| Previous PJI | 12 (36.4) | 8 (12.3) | 0.005* |
| Variables related to the surgical procedure* | |||
| Arthroplasty | |||
| Total | 24 (72.7) | 51 (78.5) | 0.527* |
| Revision | 20 (60.6) | 22 (33.8) | 0.011* |
| Non-elective | 18 (54.4) | 21 (32.3) | 0.034* |
| Duration of the procedure > 2.5 h | 3 (9.1) | 12 (18.5) | 0.223* |
| Blood transfusion | 12 (36.4) | 7 (10.8) | 0.002* |
| Variables related to the postoperative period* | |||
| Infection-related sepsis | 2 (6.1) | 0 (0) | 0.111** |
| Concomitant non-orthopedic infection | 18.2 (6) | 10.8 (7) | 0.352* |
| Surgical wound complications | 42.4 (14) | 26.6 (16) | 0.071* |
| Early infection | 48.5 (16) | 81.5 (53) | 0.001* |
| DAIRg | 57.6 (19) | 76.9 (50) | 0.047* |
Ab-PJIa Prosthetic joint infection caused by Acinetobacter baumannii, NON-Ab-PJIb non-Acinetobacter species causing prosthetic joint infection, SAHc Systemic arterial hypertension, DMd diabetes Mellitus; Other comorbiditiese; rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, depression; ASAf American Anesthesiology Association, DAIRg debridement, antibiotics and implant retention Significance probabilities refer to the Chi-squared test (*), Fisher’s exact test (**), and Student’s t-test (***)P values# < 0.05 were considered statistically significant