Table 2.
Cox Proportional Hazard Models for ACEI or ARB Exposure and for AA Exposure
| Variable | Full Cohorta |
Propensity-Matched Cohortb |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Exposure to ACEI or ARB | ||||
| Unadjusted | 0.78 (0.75-0.81) | < .001 | 0.82 (0.78-0.86) | < .001 |
| Limited adjustmentc | 0.81 (0.78-0.84) | < .001 | 0.82 (0.78-0.86) | < .001 |
| Full adjustmentd | 0.81 (0.78-0.84) | < .001 | 0.82 (0.78-0.86) | < .001 |
| Full adjustmentd plus comorbiditye | 0.78 (0.75-0.81) | < .001 | 0.80 (0.76-0.84) | < .001 |
| Full adjustmentd plus comedication usef | 0.80 (0.76-0.83) | < .001 | 0.81 (0.77-0.85) | < .001 |
| Exposure to AA | ||||
| Unadjusted | 1.11 (1.05-1.16) | < .001 | 1.07 (1.01-1.15) | .03 |
| Limited adjustmentc | 1.24 (1.18-1.31) | < .001 | 1.07 (1.00-1.15) | .04 |
| Full adjustmentd | 1.24 (1.18-1.30) | < .001 | 1.07 (1.00-1.14) | .05 |
| Full adjustmentd plus comorbiditye | 1.09 (1.03-1.14) | < .01 | 1.08 (1.01-1.15) | .03 |
| Full adjustmentd plus comedication usef | 1.16 (1.10-1.22) | < .001 | 1.06 (0.99-1.13) | .08 |
Results are presented with and without adjustment in the full cohort and the smaller cohort of participants who used RAAS inhibitors compared with participants with an otherwise similar propensity to use RAAS inhibitors who did not use these medications. Participants in the restricted cohorts were considered in models with full adjustment. AA = aldosterone antagonist; ACEI = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; HR = hazard ratio; RAAS = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
n = 24,221.
n = 14,960 for ACEI/ARB analyses and n = 7,872 for AA analyses.
Age, sex, race or ethnicity, and BMI.
Limited model and income, tobacco use, alcohol use, and marital status.
Presence or absence of end-stage renal disease or dialysis; diabetes mellitus; cirrhosis; sleep-disordered breathing; COPD or asthma; interstitial lung disease; prior myocardial infarction; prior percutaneous coronary intervention; prior coronary artery bypass graft; congestive heart failure; valvular heart disease; congenital heart disease; and atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or both.
Comedication use included all non-RAAS inhibitor medications included in e-Table 1.