Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the analytical sample (n = 2407) for men and women
| Characteristics | Men (50 %) | Women (50 %) |
|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic | ||
| Age (years) | 66.5 (0.24) | 65.6 (0.22) |
| Education | - | - |
| Low | 22.9 | 36.5 |
| Middle | 32.0 | 38.2 |
| High | 45.1 | 25.3 |
| Height (m) | 1.75 (0.00) | 1.63 (0.00) |
| Physical performance | ||
| Gait speed (m/s) | 0.93 (0.01) | 0.88 (0.01) |
| Lifestyle | ||
| Alcohol consumption | - | - |
| None | 9.57 | 20.0 |
| Light/moderate (up to 2 per day) | 57.1 | 65.9 |
| Heavy/extreme (more than 2 per day) | 33.3 | 14.1 |
| Smoking status | - | - |
| Never | 10.5 | 48.3 |
| Former | 58.9 | 34.9 |
| Current | 30.7 | 16.8 |
| Physical activity (MET hours per week) a | 57.0 (1.31) | 74.8 (1.23) |
| Sleep problems (ranging from 0–9) b | 5.20 (0.06) | 6.10 (0.06) |
| Sleep duration (per 24 h) | - | - |
| Short (less than 7 h) | 14.3 | 20.4 |
| Normal (between 7 and 9 h) | 68.3 | 65.6 |
| Long (more than 109 h) | 17.4 | 14.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 (0.09) | 27.4 (0.13) |
| Social | ||
| Personal network size (range 0–80) c | 15.2 (0.26) | 15.8 (0.25) |
| Living situation (not living alone) | 84.0 | 63.3 |
| Social participation formal d | - | - |
| Up to few times a year | 35.4 | 23.8 |
| Few times a year up to few times a month | 20.8 | 20.4 |
| Few times a month up to every week | 21.3 | 27.3 |
| Every week up to every day | 22.5 | 28.5 |
| Social participation informal (range 0–42) e | 9.55 (0.15) | 9.71 (0.14) |
| Loneliness (range 0–11) | 1.59 (0.06) | 1.81 (0.07) |
| Health | ||
| Chronic diseases (self-reported) | - | - |
| None | 31.1 | 25.6 |
| One | 35.7 | 33.2 |
| Two | 20.5 | 23.8 |
| Three or more | 12.7 | 17.4 |
| Pain (in the past week) | - | - |
| No | 76.8 | 66.5 |
| Little | 9.62 | 12.8 |
| Some | 5.54 | 6.73 |
| Much | 8.07 | 13.9 |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D, range 0–60) | 5.67 (0.17) | 8.32 (0.22) |
Note: Explanation: mean (sd) or percentage (%)
a Including walking outdoors, light and heavy household activities and two most frequency performed sports
b Combined score of ever having problems with falling asleep, waking through the night and too early
c Count of people with whom you are in contact regularly and are important to you
d Visiting 13 different types of organizations (such as trade union, political party, church, hobby club etc.)
e Combined score of 6 recreational trips (museum, restaurant etc.) with a frequency from never to every day