Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics for Study Cohort Before and After Matching
| All Variables Expressed as N (%) | Before Matching | P Value | After Matching | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non‐MitraClip (N=37 544) | MitraClip (N=622) | Non‐MitraClip (N=596) | MitraClip (N=596) | |||
| Patient demographics | ||||||
| Age, y | <0.001 | 0.322 | ||||
| ≤63 | 7180 (19.1) | 44 (7.1) | 55 (9.2) | 44 (7.4) | ||
| 64–69 | 7456 (19.9) | 93 (15.0) | 78 (13.1) | 92 (15.4) | ||
| 70–74 | 7402 (19.7) | 112 (18.0) | 109 (18.3) | 110 (18.5) | ||
| 75–81 | 8516 (22.7) | 170 (27.3) | 185 (31.0) | 163 (27.3) | ||
| ≥82 | 6990 (18.6) | 203 (32.6) | 169 (28.4) | 187 (31.4) | ||
| Female | 15 624 (41.6) | 269 (43.2) | 0.437 | 247 (41.4) | 257 (43.1) | 0.598 |
| Race † , White | 29 028 (77.3) | 515 (82.8) | 0.001 | 481 (80.7) | 492 (82.6) | 0.455 |
| Index hospitalization | ||||||
| Consecutive hospitalizations ‡ | 4641 (12.4) | 131 (21.1) | <0.001 | 108 (18.1) | 114 (19.1) | 0.710 |
| Index year | <0.001 | 0.894 | ||||
| 2014–2015 | 12 817 (34.1) | 118 (19.0) | 112 (18.8) | 114 (19.1) | ||
| 2016–2017 | 14 712 (39.2) | 250 (40.2) | 249 (41.8) | 241 (40.4) | ||
| 2018–2019 Q1 | 10 015 (26.7) | 254 (40.8) | 235 (39.4) | 241 (40.4) | ||
| Pericarditis, endocarditis, and myocarditis; cardiomyopathy | 13 536 (36.1) | 217 (34.9) | 0.576 | 205 (34.4) | 205 (34.4) | >0.999 |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 10 559 (28.1) | 116 (18.6) | <0.001 | 108 (18.1) | 108 (18.1) | >0.999 |
| Coronary atherosclerosis and other heart disease | 26 307 (70.1) | 421 (67.7) | 0.214 | 406 (68.1) | 406 (68.1) | >0.999 |
| Pulmonary heart disease | 12 830 (34.2) | 292 (46.9) | <0.001 | 278 (46.6) | 278 (46.6) | >0.999 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 28 338 (75.5) | 513 (82.5) | <0.001 | 497 (83.4) | 497 (83.4) | >0.999 |
| Cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation | 12 867 (34.3) | 127 (20.4) | <0.001 | 121 (20.3) | 121 (20.3) | >0.999 |
| Congestive heart failure; non‐hypertensive | 25 323 (67.4) | 507 (81.5) | <0.001 | 489 (82.0) | 489 (82.0) | >0.999 |
| Index circulatory support (IABP/Impella/ECMO) | 8847 (23.6) | 216 (34.7) | <0.001 | 178 (29.9) | 195 (32.7) | 0.318 |
| Index mechanical ventilation | 16 344 (43.5) | 292 (46.9) | 0.097 | 250 (41.9) | 271 (45.5) | 0.243 |
| Index coronary interventions (PCI/CABG) | 8287 (22.1) | 95 (15.3) | <0.001 | 75 (12.6) | 94 (15.8) | 0.135 |
| Index hemodialysis | 6782 (18.1) | 110 (17.7) | 0.848 | 112 (18.8) | 101 (16.9) | 0.450 |
| Patient comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension | 33 760 (89.9) | 542 (87.1) | 0.027 | 530 (88.9) | 520 (87.2) | 0.421 |
| Chronic heart failure | 29 423 (78.4) | 494 (79.4) | 0.560 | 496 (83.2) | 475 (79.7) | 0.136 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 29 207 (77.8) | 396 (63.7) | <0.001 | 407 (68.3) | 389 (65.3) | 0.296 |
| Renal failure | 20 336 (54.2) | 340 (54.7) | 0.837 | 354 (59.4) | 330 (55.4) | 0.178 |
| Pulmonary disease | 21 120 (56.3) | 331 (53.2) | 0.140 | 338 (56.7) | 318 (53.4) | 0.269 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 18 560 (49.4) | 288 (46.3) | 0.131 | 269 (45.1) | 277 (46.5) | 0.684 |
| Peripheral vascular disorder | 14 442 (38.5) | 235 (37.8) | 0.759 | 198 (33.2) | 225 (37.8) | 0.116 |
| Concomitant valvular disease (tricuspid and/or aortic) | 12 581 (33.5) | 209 (33.6) | 0.996 | 215 (36.1) | 204 (34.2) | 0.544 |
| Cerebral vascular disease | 10 591 (28.2) | 175 (28.1) | >0.999 | 178 (29.9) | 168 (28.2) | 0.566 |
| Prior ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation | 10 164 (27.1) | 152 (24.4) | 0.155 | 150 (25.2) | 149 (25.0) | >0.999 |
†
The reference group for race is “Non‐White”, which combined all the other Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services race categories including Black, Asian, Hispanic, North American native, and others because of the cell size suppression policy.
‡
Consecutive hospitalization defined as a subsequent inpatient admission that occurred within 24 hours of prior inpatient discharge.