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. 2021 Mar 13;10(6):e018298. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.018298

Figure 1. Empagliflozin treatment attenuated cardiac remodeling caused by transverse aortic constriction (TAC).

Figure 1

(A) Survival curve in different groups of mice after sham or TAC surgery subjected to vehicle or empagliflozin treatment (n=10–19). (B) Fasting blood glucose concentration among groups during baseline (time 0), 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery. Mice were fasted overnight, and blood glucose concentration was measured biweekly (n=10–19). There was no difference among any of the groups. (C) Representative hearts from sham+vehicle, sham+empagliflozin, TAC+vehicle, and TAC+empagliflozin mice at the end of experiments. (D) Dry heart weight and (E) lung weight in different groups (n=5–6). (F) Quantitative analysis of serum B‐type natriuretic peptide (n=6). (G) Left: Cardiomyocytes sizes were outlined by wheat germ agglutinin staining. Right: Quantitative analysis of wheat germ agglutinin staining (n=6). (H) Cardiac fibrosis was measured by Masson staining. Left: representative images of Masson staining. Right: quantitative analysis (n=6), Results are expressed as mean±SEM. TAC indicates transverse aortic constriction; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; DAPI, 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole; and WGA, wheat germ agglutinin. *P<0.05 vs sham, † P<0.05 vs TAC. Log‐rank test (A). One‐way ANOVA (non‐repeated measures) (B and D–H).