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. 2021 Mar 13;10(6):e018298. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.018298

Figure 6. Empagliflozin has direct affinity to glucose transporters in the heart and reduces cardiac glucose uptake.

Figure 6

Molecular docking results showed that empagliflozin can bind (A) GLUT1 (glucose transporter 1); (B) GLUT4; (C) sodium glucose co‐transporter 1 (SGLT1); (D) NHE (sodium hydrogen exchanger). (E) Docking energy of each binding is shown. (F) Glucose uptake and glycolysis were reduced by acute treatment of empagliflozin in isolated perfused hearts. (G) The rate pressure product was slightly increased by direct treatment of empagliflozin in isolated perfused hearts. Results were expressed as mean±SEM, n=6 in each group. GLUT1, glucose transporter 1; NHE, sodium hydrogen exchanger; RPP, rate pressure product; and SGLT1, sodium glucose co‐trasporter 1. *P<0.05 vs vehicle. Mann–Whitney test (F–G).