Table 1.
Gender Characteristics of First and Senior Authors of Manuscripts Published in High‐Impact Cardiology Journals, Stratified by Chronological Period and by Relation to COVID‐19
| Year‐to‐Year Comparisons | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manuscript Type | First Author | Senior Author | ||||||||
| 2019 | 2020 | P Value | 2019 | 2020 | P Value | |||||
| M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | |||
| Original Research | 203 (72.5%) | 77 (27.5%) | 190 (73.1%) | 70 (26.9%) | 0.88 | 236 (84.3%) | 44 (15.7%) | 207 (79.6%) | 53 (20.4%) | 0.16 |
| Case Report | 41 (83.7%) | 8 (16.3%) | 58 (84.1%) | 11 (15.9%) | 1.00 | 43 (89.6%) | 5 (10.4%) | 61 (88.4%) | 8 (11.6%) | 1.00 |
| Editorial | 265 (83.1%) | 54 (16.9%) | 260 (72.4%) | 99 (27.6%) | 0.001* | 207 (87.3%) | 30 (12.7%) | 225 (82.7%) | 47 (17.3%) | 0.15 |
| Review | 39 (79.6%) | 10 (20.4%) | 44 (73.3%) | 16 (26.7%) | 0.50 | 40 (83.3%) | 8 (16.7%) | 45 (80.4%) | 11 (19.6%) | 0.80 |
| Other † | 64 (70.3%) | 27 (29.7%) | 56 (62.2%) | 34 (37.8%) | 0.25 | 36 (75.0%) | 12 (25.0%) | 40 (67.8%) | 19 (32.2%) | 0.41 |
| Overall | 612 (77.7%) | 176 (22.3%) | 608 (72.6%) | 230 (27.4%) | 0.02* | 562 (85.0%) | 99 (15.0%) | 578 (80.7%) | 138 (19.3%) | 0.04* |
| COVID‐19‐Era Comparisons (2020) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manuscript Type | First Author | Senior Author | ||||||||
| Non‐COVID‐19‐related | COVID‐19‐Related | P Value | Non‐COVID‐19‐related | COVID‐19‐Related | P Value | |||||
| M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | M (%) | W (%) | |||
| Original Research | 164 (71.0%) | 67 (29.0%) | 26 (89.7%) | 3 (10.3%) | 0.04* | 186 (80.5%) | 45 (19.5%) | 21 (72.4%) | 8 (27.6%) | 0.33 |
| Case Report | 44 (84.6%) | 8 (15.4%) | 14 (82.4%) | 3 (17.7%) | 1.00 | 46 (88.5%) | 6 (11.5%) | 15 (88.2%) | 2 (11.8%) | 1.00 |
| Editorial | 220 (74.3%) | 76 (25.7%) | 40 (63.5%) | 23 (36.5%) | 0.09 | 186 (85.3%) | 32 (14.7%) | 39 (72.2%) | 15 (27.8%) | 0.03* |
| Review | 36 (75.0%) | 12 (25.0%) | 8 (66.7%) | 4 (33.3%) | 0.72 | 35 (79.6%) | 9 (20.5%) | 10 (83.3%) | 2 (16.7%) | 1.00 |
| Other † | 33 (57.9%) | 24 (42.1%) | 23 (69.7%) | 10 (30.3%) | 0.37 | 20 (60.6%) | 13 (39.4%) | 20 (76.9%) | 6 (23.1%) | 0.27 |
| Overall | 497 (72.7%) | 187 (27.3%) | 111 (72.1%) | 43 (27.9%) | 0.88 | 473 (81.8%) | 105 (18.2%) | 105 (76.1%) | 33 (23.9%) | 0.12 |
P values correspond to χ2 tests evaluating the difference in proportion of men (M) and women (W) authors by year. COVID‐19 indicates coronavirus disease 2019.
*
Statistically significant at the α<0.05 level.
†
Other includes clinical guidelines, consensus documents, consensus statements, practice guidelines, scientific statements, white papers, and working group summaries. Because of rounding, percentages may not total 100%.