. 2021 Mar 25;99(6):skab080. doi: 10.1093/jas/skab080

Table 5.

Fecal fermentative end-product concentrations for adult dogs fed diets containing selected fiber/carbohydrate sources¹

Item, DMB	CON	AM	WPM	QU	OG	SEM
Total SCFA, umol/g	222.5^b	406.6^a	315.4^ab	310.5^ab	363.0^a	25.38
Acetate	133.6^b	218.5^a	191.8^ab	199.5^ab	203.2^ab	18.59
Propionate	59.4^c	124.0^a	82.2^bc	79.7^bc	111.3^ab	10.45
Butyrate	29.5^c	64.1^a	41.4^bc	31.2^bc	48.5^ab	4.66
Total BCFA, umol/g	19.3^ab	16.9^b	19.0^ab	16.0^b	22.1^a	1.76
Isobutyrate	7.7^ab	6.3^b	7.3^ab	6.5^b	8.8^a	0.73
Isovalerate	11.3^ab	9.7^ab	11.2^ab	9.0^b	12.6^a	1.03
Valerate	0.3^c	0.9^a	0.5^bc	0.5^bc	0.7^ab	0.10
Ammonia, mg/g	2.4^ab	2.4^ab	2.2^b	2.0^b	2.8^a	0.20
Total PI², ug/g	358.3^a	248.4^b	250.6^b	233.2^b	300.8^ab	36.18
Phenols	96.8^a	27.1^b	28.5^b	15.3^b	29.6^b	19.17
Indoles	261.5	221.3	222.1	217.9	271.2	23.57

¹CON, control; AM, amaranth; WPM, white proso millet; QU, quinoa; OG, oat groats.

²Total PI, total phenols and indoles.

^a–cMeans in the same row without common superscript letters are different (P < 0.05).