Table 2.
Baseline characteristics
| Whole group (n=22) | Intervention (n=11) | Control (n=11) | |
| Gender: male (%) | 16 (73) | 7 (64) | 8 (73) |
| Age (years) | 76 (74, 82) | 77 (73, 81) | 76 (74, 84) |
| MRC dyspnoea score | 4 (4, 4) | 4 (4, 4) | 4 (4, 4) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 (22.4, 29.1) | 24.2 (22.0, 26.5) | 25.2 (22.6, 29.2) |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.84 (0.78, 0,86) | 0.80 (0.77, 0,85) | 0.84 (0.78, 0,87) |
| FVC (L) | 1.83 (1.39, 2.44) | 1.83 (1.44, 2.45) | 1.82 (1.22, 2.44) |
| FVC (% predicted) | 61.8 (49.8, 75.0) | 63.0 (49.0, 78.2) | 60.5 (50.0, 68.0) |
| DLCO (mL/min/mm Hg) | 2.16 (1.71, 2.77) | 2.50 (1.92, 3.36) | 1.88 (1.64, 2.20) |
| DLCO (% predicted) | 26.0 (21.9, 36.7) | 36.5 (22.3, 40.4) | 25.0 (20.8, 29.8) |
| Smoking status: never/former/current (%) | 13 (59)/9 (41)/0 (0) | 7 (64)/4 (36)/0 (0) | 6 (55)/5 (45)/0 (0) |
| Smoking pack-year history | 0 (0, 8) | 0 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 13) |
| Age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2 (0, 5) | 4 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 6) |
| COPD, n (%) | 3 (14) | 1 (10) | 2 (18) |
| Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | 2 (9) | 0 (0) | 2 (18) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, n (%) | 8 (36) | 5 (46) | 3 (27) |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Self-reported hospitalisations in previous year, n (%) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) |
| Self-reported chest infections in previous year, n (%) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 1) |
| Oxygen, n (%) | |||
| Long term | 4 (18) | 1 (10) | 3 (27) |
| Ambulatory | 9 (41) | 4 (36) | 5 (46) |
| Walking aid, n (%) | 5 (23) | 2 (18) | 3 (27) |
| Prescribed pirfenidone, n (%) | 6 (27) | 4 (36) | 2 (18) |
| Prescribed nintedanib, n (%) | 7 (32) | 4 (36) | 3 (27) |
| Prescribed corticosteroid, n (%) | 4 (18) | 3 (27) | 1 (9) |
| 6MWT (m) | 289 (149, 360) | 326 (150, 361) | 240 (130, 325) |
| SPPB score | 9 (6, 11) | 10 (6, 11) | 7 (4, 11) |
| Four-metre gait speed (m/s) | 0.71 (0.50, 0.94) | 0.82 (0.38, 0.97) | 0.66 (0.51, 0.84) |
| QMVC (kg) | 22.4 (15.6, 28.7) | 22.5 (15.1, 28.3) | 22.4 (15.7, 31.3) |
| QMVC (% predicted) | 62.4 (52.0, 69.1) | 64.3 (44.0, 68.1) | 61.6 (52.8, 72.2) |
| Rectus femoris cross-sectional area (mm2) | 459 (371, 534) | 451 (321, 579) | 479 (375, 581) |
| KBILD—psychological | 54.4 (53.2, 69.1) | 58.8 (41.2, 71.6) | 53.5 (43.8, 65.5) |
| KBILD—breathlessness and activities | 35.6 (21.6, 45.9) | 37.8 (27.0, 50.2) | 35.6 (17.7, 41.9) |
| KBILD—chest symptoms | 68.6 (44.0, 85.2) | 63.7 (44.0, 85.2) | 73.4 (54.3, 85.2) |
| KBILD—total score | 53.5 (46.4, 59.4) | 56.1 (43.9, 66.4) | 53.5 (47.2, 56.1) |
| LCADL—self-care | 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) | 7.0 (4.0, 8.0) | 6.0 (4.0, 7.0) |
| LCADL—domestic | 10.5 (4.8, 18.5) | 5.0 (1.0, 17.0) | 14.0 (10.0, 22.0) |
| LCADL—physical | 4.0 (3.0, 6.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 5.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 6.0) |
| LCADL—leisure | 4.0 (3.0, 6.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 6.0) | 5.0 (4.0, 6.0) |
| LCADL—total score | 26.0 (17.5, 37.3) | 20.0 (14.0, 28.0) | 33.0 (22.0, 29.0) |
| Daily step count | 1511 (776, 3456) | 1820 (1148, 3232) | 988 (657, 4115) |
| Daily minutes spent in moderate-intensity PA | 34 (20, 84) | 47 (25, 100) | 22 (5, 74) |
| Daily minutes spent in light-intensity PA | 194 (147, 221) | 217 (126, 248) | 187 (153, 199) |
| Daily minutes spent sedentary | 1144 (1098, 1206) | 1123 (1095, 1151) | 1194 (1137, 1237) |
Data reported as number (percentage) or median (25th centile, 75th centile).
KBILD domains and total score: range 0–100; higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life.
LCADL range: self-care: 0–20; domestic: 0–30; physical: 0–10; leisure: 0–15; total: 0–75; higher scores indicate greater impact on activities of daily living (ADL) performance.
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; KBILD, King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease questionnaire; LCADL, London Chest Activities of Daily Living questionnaire; MRC, Medical Research Council; 6MWT, 6 min walk test; PA, physical activity; QMVC, quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery.