Table 3.
Altered mental status causes
| Diagnosis | No. (%) (n = 166) |
|---|---|
| AMS from metabolic encephalopathy | 154 (92.8) |
| Single cause | 36 (21.7) |
| Multifactorial | 118 (71.1) |
| AMS from single neurologic factor | 5 (3.0) |
| Ischemic stroke | 2 (1.2) |
| Post-ictal | 2 (1.2) |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 1 (0.6) |
| AMS from indeterminant cause | 7 (4.2) |
| Possible seizure/possible encephalitis | 1 (0.6) |
| Panic attack | 1 (0.6) |
| Probable metabolic | 5 (3.0) |
| Total metabolic derangements | |
| Hypoxia | 103 (62.0) |
| Renal failure | 75 (45.2) |
| Fever | 50 (30.1) |
| Hypernatremia | 34 (20.4) |
| Sepsis | 22 (13.2) |
| Acid–base disturbance | 21 (12.6) |
| Hyperglycemia | 15 (9.0) |
| Hypoglycemia | 7 (4.2) |
| Hyponatremia | 5 (3.0) |
| Hypercapnea | 3 (1.8) |
| Total neurological diagnoses | 20 (12.0) |
| Seizure related | 10 (6.0) |
| Ischemic stroke | 6 (3.6) |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | 1 (0.6) |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | 1 (0.6) |
| Multi-compartment hemorrhage | 1 (0.6) |
| Hypertensive encephalopathy | 1 (0.6) |