Table 2. Lifetime prevalence of exposure to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Change Efforts (SOGIECE) among sexual and gender minority Canadian men, by sociodemographic subgroups, 2019.
| Variable | n (%) in SN2019a (n = 9152) | Exposure to SOGIECEb, n (%) | % Exposed to SOGIECEc (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 1884) | No (n = 7268) | ||||
| Sexual identityd | |||||
| Gay | 6952 (76.0) | 1449 (76.9) | 5503 (75.8) | 20.8 (19.9–21.8) | 1.05 (0.95–1.15) |
| Bisexual | 2016 (22.1) | 368 (19.5) | 1648 (22.7) | 18.3 (16.6–20.0) | 0.86 (0.77–0.95) |
| Asexual | 151 (1.7) | 53 (2.8) | 98 (1.4) | 35.1 (27.6–43.3) | 1.72 (1.38–2.15) |
| Pansexual | 688 (7.5) | 224 (11.9) | 464 (6.4) | 32.6 (29.1–36.2) | 1.66 (1.48–1.86) |
| Heteroflexible | 217 (2.4) | 29 (1.5) | 188 (2.6) | 13.4 (9.3–18.8) | 0.64 (0.46–0.90) |
| Queer | 1387 (15.2) | 498 (26.4) | 889 (12.2) | 35.9 (33.4–38.5) | 2.01 (1.85–2.19) |
| Other | 132 (1.5) | 38 (2.0) | 94 (1.3) | 28.8 (21.4–37.4) | 1.41 (1.08–1.85) |
| Gender identity | |||||
| Non-binary | 288 (3.1) | 139 (7.4) | 149 (2.1) | 48.3 (42.4–54.2) | 2.47 (2.17–2.80) |
| Other | 70 (0.8) | 26 (1.4) | 44 (0.6) | 37.1 (26.1–49.6) | 1.90 (1.40–2.58) |
| Male | 8792 (96.1) | 1719 (91.2) | 7073 (97.3) | 19.6 (18.7–20.4) | Referent |
| Transgender status | |||||
| Transgender | 778 (8.6) | 389 (21.0) | 389 (5.4) | 50.0 (46.5–53.5) | 2.83 (2.60–3.08) |
| Cisgender | 8269 (91.4) | 1460 (79.0) | 6809 (94.6) | 17.7 (16.8–18.5) | Referent |
| Two-Spirit status (of Indigenous participants) | |||||
| Two-Spirit | 169 (37.1) | 45 (36.3) | 124 (37.5) | 26.5 (20.1–33.9) | 0.96 (0.71–1.32) |
| Not Two-Spirit | 286 (62.9) | 79 (63.7) | 207 (62.5) | 27.6 (22.6–33.3) | Referent |
| Age (at time of survey) | |||||
| < 20 | 368 (4.0) | 134 (7.1) | 234 (3.2) | 36.4 (31.5–41.6) | 3.03 (2.41–3.81) |
| 20–29 | 2695 (29.4) | 691 (36.7) | 2004 (27.6) | 25.6 (24.0–27.3) | 2.13 (1.75–2.60) |
| 30–39 | 2346 (25.6) | 469 (24.9) | 1877 (25.8) | 20.0 (18.4–21.7) | 1.66 (1.36–2.04) |
| 40–49 | 1371 (15.0) | 255 (13.5) | 1116 (15.4) | 18.6 (16.6–20.8) | 1.55 (1.25–1.92) |
| 50–59 | 1557 (17.0) | 237 (12.6) | 1320 (18.2) | 15.2 (13.5–17.1) | 1.27 (1.02–1.58) |
| 60+ | 815 (8.9) | 98 (5.2) | 717 (9.9) | 12.0 (9.9–14.5) | Referent |
| “Out” about sexuality | |||||
| Out | 6775 (74.1) | 1520 (80.7) | 5255 (72.4) | 22.4 (21.5–23.5) | 1.46 (1.32–1.62) |
| Not out | 2366 (25.9) | 363 (19.3) | 2003 (27.6) | 15.3 (13.9–16.9) | Referent |
| Race/Ethnicityd | |||||
| African | 81 (0.9) | 28 (1.5) | 53 (0.7) | 34.6 (24.6–46.0) | 1.69 (1.25–2.29) |
| Arab | 163 (1.8) | 62 (3.3) | 101 (1.4) | 38.0 (30.7–46.0) | 1.88 (1.54–2.29) |
| Asian | 288 (3.2) | 93 (5.0) | 195 (2.7) | 32.3 (27.0–38.1) | 1.60 (1.35–1.90) |
| Black | 170 (1.9) | 56 (3.0) | 114 (1.6) | 32.9 (26.0–40.6) | 1.62 (1.30–2.01) |
| Caribbean | 171 (1.9) | 57 (3.0) | 114 (1.6) | 33.3 (26.4–41.0) | 1.64 (1.32–2.03) |
| Indigenous | 492 (5.4) | 132 (7.1) | 360 (5.0) | 26.8 (23.0–31.0) | 1.33 (1.14–1.54) |
| Latin-American | 334 (3.7) | 127 (6.8) | 207 (2.9) | 38.0 (32.8–43.5) | 1.91 (1.65–2.20) |
| South Asian | 196 (2.2) | 64 (3.4) | 132 (1.8) | 32.7 (26.2–39.8) | 1.61 (1.31–1.97) |
| Southeast Asian | 179 (2.0) | 48 (2.6) | 131 (1.8) | 26.8 (20.6–34.0) | 1.31 (1.03–1.68) |
| White | 7650 (84.3) | 1419 (75.9) | 6231 (86.4) | 18.5 (17.7–19.4) | 0.59 (0.54–0.64) |
| Educational attainment | |||||
| < College/university degree | 2046 (23.3) | 478 (26.5) | 1568 (22.4) | 23.4 (21.6–25.3) | 1.19 (1.08–1.30) |
| College/university degree | 6745 (76.7) | 1326 (73.5) | 5419 (77.6) | 19.7 (18.7–20.6) | Referent |
| Personal income | |||||
| < $30,000 | 2732 (33.8) | 738 (43.5) | 1994 (31.2) | 27.0 (25.4–28.7) | 1.66 (1.49–1.84) |
| $30,000 to $59,999 | 2499 (30.9) | 490 (28.9) | 2009 (31.4) | 19.6 (18.1–21.2) | 1.20 (1.07–1.35) |
| ≥ $60,000 | 2862 (35.4) | 467 (27.6) | 2395 (37.4) | 16.3 (15.0–17.7) | Referent |
| Area of residence | |||||
| Rural | 422 (4.8) | 81 (4.5) | 341 (4.9) | 19.2 (15.6–23.3) | 0.94 (0.77–1.15) |
| Suburban | 2293 (26.0) | 482 (26.6) | 1811 (25.8) | 21.0 (19.4–22.8) | 1.03 (0.94–1.13) |
| Urban | 6121 (69.3) | 4871 (69.4) | 1250 (68.9) | 20.4 (19.4–21.5) | Referent |
| Immigration status | |||||
| Immigrant | 1488 (16.3) | 431 (23.1) | 1057 (14.6) | 29.0 (26.7–31.4) | 1.53 (1.40–1.68) |
| Canadian-born | 7613 (83.7) | 1438 (76.9) | 6175 (85.4) | 18.9 (18.0–19.8) | Referent |
| Province/Territory | |||||
| British Columbia | 1630 (17.8) | 386 (20.5) | 1244 (17.1) | 23.7 (21.7–25.8) | Referent |
| Alberta | 1371 (15.0) | 304 (16.1) | 1067 (14.7) | 22.2 (20.0–24.5) | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
| Saskatchewan | 239 (2.6) | 42 (2.2) | 197 (2.7) | 17.6 (13.1–23.1) | 0.74 (0.56–0.99) |
| Manitoba | 285 (3.1) | 76 (4.0) | 209 (2.9) | 26.7 (21.7–32.3) | 1.13 (0.91–1.39) |
| Ontario | 2787 (30.5) | 620 (32.9) | 2167 (29.8) | 22.2 (20.7–23.8) | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) |
| Quebec | 2016 (22.0) | 288 (15.3) | 1728 (23.8) | 14.3 (12.8–15.9) | 0.60 (0.53–0.69) |
| Newfoundland & Labrador | 153 (1.7) | 33 (1.8) | 120 (1.7) | 21.6 (15.5–29.1) | 0.91 (0.67–1.25) |
| New Brunswick | 162 (1.8) | 31 (1.6) | 131 (1.8) | 19.1 (13.6–26.2) | 0.81 (0.58–1.12) |
| Nova Scotia | 422 (4.6) | 81 (4.3) | 341 (4.7) | 19.2 (15.6–23.3) | 0.81 (0.65–1.00) |
| Prince Edward Island | 44 (0.5) | 9 (0.5) | 35 (0.5) | 20.5 (10.3–35.8) | 0.86 (0.48–1.56) |
| Yukon | 24 (0.3) | 7 (0.4) | 17 (0.2) | 29.2 (13.4–51.2) | 1.23 (0.66–2.31) |
| Northwest Territories | 8 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 5 (0.1) | 37.5 (10.2–74.1) | 1.58 (0.64–3.89) |
| Nunavut | 11 (0.1) | 4 (0.2) | 7 (0.1) | 36.4 (12.4–68.4) | 1.54 (0.70–3.37) |
Note: N = 9,152; CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk comparing prevalence of SOGIECE exposure to that of referent group; SN2019, Sex Now 2019.
a Missing, poor data quality, and “prefer not to answer” responses removed when applicable
b Percentage calculated using column total as denominator.
c Percentage calculated using row total as denominator.
d Responses allowed multiple-answers, overlap in responses.