Table 1.
Characteristics of the study cohort
| Patients With PAH, n = 77 | Patients With Exclusion of PH, n = 15 | |
|---|---|---|
| Male/female | 24/53 | 14/1 |
| Age, yr | 56 ± 13 | 59 ± 17 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 121 [53 to 371]a | 34 [18 to 34]b |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 200 [100 to 861]c | 132 [71 to 269]d |
| PH subtype | ||
| Idiopathic PAH | 51 (66.2) | |
| Heritable PAH | 1 (1.3) | |
| PAH associated with | ||
| Portal hypertension | 4 (5.2) | |
| Connective tissue disease | 20 (26.0) | |
| Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease | 1 (1.3) | |
| Concomitant disease | ||
| Lupus erythematous | 1 (6.7) | |
| Mixed connective tissue disease | 1 (6.7) | |
| Scleroderma | 10 (66.7) | |
| Left heart disease | 1 (6.7) | |
| Dyspnea other causes | 2 (13.3) | |
| Specific combination therapy | ||
| Dual therapy | 21 (22.8) | |
| Triple therapy | 16 (20.8) | |
| World Health Organization functional class | ||
| I | 4 (5.2) | |
| II | 27 (35.1) | 11 (73.3)e |
| III | 43 (55.8) | 3 (20.0)e |
| IV | 3 (3.9) | |
| Right heart catheterization | ||
| mPAP, mmHg | 43 ± 14 | 19 ± 4 |
| Right atrial pressure, mmHg | 7 [4 to 10] | 3 [2 to 6] |
| PVR, Wood units | 6.4 [4.4 to 9.9] | 1.8 [1.2 to 2.9] |
| Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.6 |
| PAWP, mmHg | 10 ± 3 | 9 ± 3 |
| PAC, mL/mmHg | 1.7 [1.3 to 2.7] | 3.0 [2.2 to 5.2] |
| RV pressure-volume loop measurements | ||
| Ea, mmHg/mL | 0.7 [0.5 to 1.1] | 0.4 [0.3 to 0.5] |
| Ees, mmHg/mL | 0.6 [0.4 to 0.8] | 0.7 [0.6 to 0.9] |
| τ, ms | 45 ± 15 | 46 ± 27d |
| ESP, mmHg | 59 [43 to 80] | 27 [23 to 31] |
| BSP, mmHg | 42 [32 to 55] | 28 [24 to 34] |
| End-diastolic pressure, mmHg | 8 [5 to 11] | 4 [3 to 5] |
| Stroke work, mL·mmHg | 2,505 [1,805 to 3,925] | 1,669 [1,364 to 1,946]d |
| Augmentation index | 0.44 [0.26 to 0.62] | −0.05[−0.40 to 1.77] |
Values represent n/n, n (%), means ± standard deviation, or median [interquartile range]. BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; BSP, beginning-systolic pressure; Ea, arterial elastance; Ees, end-systolic elastance; ESP, end-systolic pressure; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; PAC, pulmonary arterial capacitance; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PAWP, pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RV, right ventricular.
a
n = 45.
b
n = 3.
c
n = 30.
d
n = 12.
e
n = 14.